“The Rabbinic pronunciation of ת sometimes approaches the ס sound.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Laban spoke the language which came with that great Semitic migration from Arabia.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“All Semitic languages are perhaps ultimately traceable to Arabia.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Aramaic was spoken in certain regions of upper Egypt in the fifth century B.C.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“It is impossible to make a clear distinction between Babylonia and Assyria.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Mandaean ... letter-forms resemble the older Syriac ... Estrangelo character ... considerably coloured by Arabic ... likeness to Nabataean and the Babylonian Talmud.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The best remnants of Judaean Aramaic are found in Ezra, Daniel and the Palestinian Targums.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Hebrew inscriptions are practically all pre-exilic, and do not shed much light on the language of Palestine after the Captivity.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The original language of the descendants of Abraham was not Aramaic, which was changed to Hebrew when the tribes of Israel entered… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Phoenician extends from the v cent B.C. to i cent. B.C ... The Aramaic extends from the viii cent. B.C. to… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Aramaic spoken in 500 B.C. from Babylon in the north to Assuan in the south of Egypt was identical with what has… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The likeness of Palmyrene to Biblical Aramaic are quite pronounced, and show that the two forms are essentially one.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“In Hebrew and Aramaic the vowels have undergone vast modifications, whilst in Arabic they have retained to a large extent their primitive… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Palmyrene dialect was a modification of the early Hebrew, and its alphabet was among the first to diverge from the more… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Other instances can hardly be regarded as natural developments of the Greek, or as accidental coincidence with Hebrew or Aramaic. They must… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“It is safe to say that the speech of Palestine at the end of the first century B.C. was sufficiently one throughout… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“It is evident that at no period between the Exile and the Christian era was there one homogeneous language in Palestine. But… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Ammonite, a dialect akin to Hebrew and therefore similar to Moabite, which is an older form of Hebrew and one of the… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Babylonian, Assyrian, Chaldaean ... tribes ... emerge on the scene with one language ... must be characterized “It is most probable that… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“There is some evidence that the Canaanites lived together with the Babylonians for a longer period than did the Aramaeans ... It… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Samaritan Targum ... maybe compared with the Aramaic of the Jerusalem Talmud and with the Palestinian Syriac. On the whole it was… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“vav conversive with the imperfect ... is found in Moabite ... show how closely this dialect was related to Hebrew ... vav… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The use of 'ל' with imperfect ... the earliest occurrence of this construction found in Aramaean ... 'ל' has clearly a jussive… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“For the understanding of primitive Semitic vowel-sounds a study of Arabic is almost indispensable.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The relation of Moabite to Hebrew was so close that no distinction of language must be conjectured” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“In its classical form Arabic is of later date than Hebrew, but in its ancient form akin to Hebrew and Aramaic, certainly… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“In many cases the vowel-letters are omitted in Palmyrene where they are found in Hebrew.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“A comparative study will lead to the conclusion that the Phoenician, Aramaic and Greek alphabets were developed from one original.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“In its ruggedness Hebrew seems an older language than Arabic, but some Arabic forms are certainly older than the corresponding Hebrew.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Arabic language has had a great history, and in many respects is more remarkable than any other Semitic speech.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“It is certain that 'Phoenician' became the type of all subsequent script in western Asia and Europe.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Galilean Aramaic pronunciation of שׁ was שׂ, or rather ס as the Ephraimite or Samaritan.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Cyprus inscription "Ba'al Lebanon" dates from the viii cent. B.C. and is the oldest specimen of Phoenician writing down.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Syriac ... was not a prominent element in the language of Palestine in pre-Christian times.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Samaritans were conservative in the matter of script, preserving the Phoenician type after Judaea and Galilee had accepted the Aramaic character.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“But where Moabite differed from Hebrew the difference pointed to Phoenician on the one side and to Arabic on the other, rather… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Aramaic did not come into Palestine until after the Babylonian-Assyrian conquest of the country.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The inhabitants of Samaria seem to have perpetuated a form of Chaldee, hence their dialect had some likenesses to Babylonian Aramaic.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Nabataean (i.e., Syro-Arabian) people had a dialect differing somewhat from both Syriac and Arabic. Remains of this language are found in inscriptions… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Arabic language has had a great history, and in many respects is more remarkable than any other Semitic speech.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“There was probably a larger admixture of Greek in Galilee than in any other Palestinian province.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Samaritans were conservative in the matter of script, preserving the Phoenician type after Judaea and Galilee had accepted the Aramaic character.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“There is some evidence that the Canaanites lived together with the Babylonians for a longer period than did the Aramaeans ... It is found… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“In its classical form Arabic is of later date than Hebrew, but in its ancient form akin to Hebrew and Aramaic, certainly as old,… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“It is doubtful whether the vernacular of Palestine admitted any Greek element prior to the Christian era. Even in the Greek form of the… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“When Aramaeans became Christians, their name was often confounded with 'heathen', hence they called their land by the Greek name 'Syria', themselves by the… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The books of the Old Testament, as we know them, do not represent the language of Palestine as spoken at any one time or… — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“Mandaean ... letter-forms resemble the older Syriac ... Estrangelo character ... considerably coloured by Arabic ... likeness to Nabataean and the Babylonian Talmud.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“The Galilean Aramaic pronunciation of שׁ was שׂ, or rather ס as the Ephraimite or Samaritan.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
“With the progress of the Greek arms cam the decline of the Greek language.” — James John Courtenay Copy Share Image
