Comprehension Quote by James Crawford
““Third, the Comprehension Hypothesis, on which Krashen’s concept of sheltering is based, holds that input is what matters in second language acquisition—not output. As noted above, forcing students to “produce” a second language can be counterproductive. Output per se does not contribute directly to language acquisition, and forcing speech before students have acquired enough language to express their meaning tends to create anxiety and embarrassment, thereby raising the “affective filter” that keeps input from getting through.””
About This Quote
Source Article: Second Language Acquisition Insights, 2020
Input exposure is more crucial than forced output for language learning; premature speaking can raise anxiety and block comprehension.
In simple terms: Listening and reading help more than early speaking.
Key Takeaway
Prioritize listening before speaking.
Themes
education
language learning
psychology
Mood
supportive
pragmatic
Type
educational
practical
When to use this quote
- classroom teaching
- self‑study
- immersion programs
- language apps
Key Concepts
Input hypothesis
affective filter
Questions to Reflect On
- How can you reduce anxiety while encouraging speaking?
- When is it appropriate to shift from input to output?
A Different Perspective
Some learners benefit from early speaking practice.
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