““It was against this backdrop that the great fortunes were made, fortunes which allowed the first families to dominate the society of that era. Theodore Parker, a crusading minister in the 1840s, wrote of the Lowells and these other great families: “This class is the controlling one in politics. It mainly enacts the laws of this state and the nation; makes them serve its turn . . . It can manufacture governors, senators, judges to suit its purposes as easily as it can manufacture cotton cloth. This class owns the machinery of society . . . ships, factories, shops, water privileges.” They were also families which had a fine sense of protecting their own position, and they were notorious for giving large grants to Harvard College, which was their college, and just as notorious for doing very little for public education.””
![“While its [Harvard's] undergraduate life was still controlled [in 1908-1912]…” quote by Doris Kearns Goodwin](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/img-quotes/c8d/doris-kearns-goodwin-1951_born_while-its-harvard-s-undergraduate-life-w_1780124.jpg)
