Thomas Kuhn

Groups do not have experiences except insofar as all their members do. And there are no experiences... that all the members of…

— Thomas Kuhn

The transition between competing paradigms cannot be made a step at a time, forced by logic and neutral experience. Like the gestalt…

— Thomas Kuhn

To turn Karl [Popper]'s view on its head, it is precisely the abandonment of critical discourse that marks the transition of science.…

— Thomas Kuhn

Research under a paradigm must be a particularly effective way of inducing paradigm change.

— Thomas Kuhn

Normal science, the activity in which most scientists inevitably spend most all their time, is predicated on the assumption that the scientific…

— Thomas Kuhn

Concerned to reconstruct past ideas, historians must approach the generation that held them as the anthropologist approaches an alien culture. They must,…

— Thomas Kuhn

All significant breakthroughs are break -“withs” old ways of thinking.

— Thomas Kuhn

Crisis alone is not enough. There must also be a basis, though it need be neither rational nor ultimately correct, for faith…

— Thomas Kuhn

The historian of science may be tempted to claim that when paradigms change, the world itself changes with them. Led by a…

— Thomas Kuhn

Normal science does not aim at novelties of fact or theory and, when successful, finds none.

— Thomas Kuhn

Political revolutions aim to change political institutions in ways that those institutions themselves prohibit. Their success therefore necessitates the partial relinquishment of…

— Thomas Kuhn

The historian of science may be tempted to exclaim that when paradigms change, the world itself changes with them.

— Thomas Kuhn

Probably, the single most prevalent claim advanced by the proponents of a new paradigm is that they can solve the problems that…

— Thomas Kuhn

Later scientific theories are better than earlier ones for solving puzzles in the often quite different environments to which they are applied.…

— Thomas Kuhn

Literally as well as metaphorically, the man accustomed to inverting lenses has undergone a revolutionary transformation of vision.

— Thomas Kuhn

We may... have to relinquish the notion, explicit or implicit, that changes of paradigm carry scientists and those who learn from them…

— Thomas Kuhn

Though the world does not change with a change of paradigm, the scientist afterward works in a different world... I am convinced…

— Thomas Kuhn

Rather than being an interpreter, the scientist who embraces a new paradigm is like the man wearing inverting lenses.

— Thomas Kuhn