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Theory Quote by Abraham Pais

“Weak, electromagnetic, and strong interactions have distinct intrinsic symmetry properties, but this hierarchy of symmetries is not well understood theoretically. Perhaps the most puzzling are the small effects of noninvariance under space reflection and the even smaller effects of noninvariance…” quote by Abraham Pais
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““Weak, electromagnetic, and strong interactions have distinct intrinsic symmetry properties, but this hierarchy of symmetries is not well understood theoretically. Perhaps the most puzzling are the small effects of noninvariance under space reflection and the even smaller effects of noninvariance under space reflection and the even smaller effects of noninvariance under time reversal. It adds to the puzzlement that the latter phenomenon has been observed so far only in a single instance, namely, in the K° - K^-^ system. (These phenomena were first observed after Einstein's death. I have often wondered what might have been his reactions to these discoveries, given his 'conviction' that pure mathematical construction enables us to discover tbe concepts and the laws connectin them'.””

Abraham Pais

About This Quote

Source Book: "Inward Bound: The Story of the Human Heart", 1995

Fundamental forces have complex symmetries; some violations are rare and puzzling, challenging theoretical understanding.

In simple terms: Symmetry violations are rare and mysterious.

Key Takeaway

Explore deeper symmetries.

Themes

physics symmetry theory

Mood

analytical curious

Type

scientific philosophical

When to use this quote

  • academic research
  • science education

Key Concepts

particle physics CP violation

Questions to Reflect On

  • What does symmetry tell us about nature?
  • How can we test rare violations?
A Different Perspective

Complex math may obscure intuition.

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