“Ideally, leaders of the Five Tribes would exercise their sovereignty and be the governments that recognize groups that claim to be their blood kin. However, political and legal realities intervene: only the federal government can recognize that a ‘government-to-government’ relationship… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
“Just as the Five Tribes and others were formalizing their tribal governments and running their own programs, legal aid groups were helping nonrecognized tribes… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
“A host of scholars who have studied surviving southeastern Indian groups conclude that few if any of these peoples possess cultures that do not… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
“Some tribes maintain blood quantum, such as once-quarter proven blood degree from their tribe. Even so-called purely ‘descendancy’ tribes such as the Five Tribes… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
“Confusing the matter is the fact that there are three often-conflicting definitions at play: American Indians are the only people defined as an ethnic… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
“As historian Theda Perdue and anthropologist Jack Campisi have noted separately, the closing of all-Indian schools created a crisis for southeastern Indians. When institutions… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
“A host of scholars – many of whom, like Deloria, have aided petitioning tribes – support the ‘small pie’ theory. They believe that government… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
“In existing writings about federally recognized tribes and their engagement with tribal acknowledgment politics, a palpable theme is clear: presently recognized nations are not… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
“After the removal era initiated officially in 1830 and the Seminole Wars of the 1840s, most Americans had the misperception that not Indians remained… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
“Ideally, leaders of the Five Tribes would exercise their sovereignty and be the governments that recognize groups that claim to be their blood kin.… — Mark Edwin Miller Copy Share Image
