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a bishop should not be condemned except with seventy-two…

“a bishop should not be condemned except with seventy-two witnesses… a cardinal priest should not be condemned except with forty-four witnesses, a cardinal deacon of the city of Rome without thirty-six witnesses, a subdeacon, acolyte, exorcist, lector, or doorkeeper except with seven witnesses.” quote by Leonard Mlodinow
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““a bishop should not be condemned except with seventy-two witnesses… a cardinal priest should not be condemned except with forty-four witnesses, a cardinal deacon of the city of Rome without thirty-six witnesses, a subdeacon, acolyte, exorcist, lector, or doorkeeper except with seven witnesses.””

Leonard Mlodinow

About This Quote

This interpretation was drafted with AI assistance. It is one reading of the quote, not the author's own explanation.

Historical religious law required many witnesses to condemn clergy, emphasizing collective proof over individual accusation.

In simple terms: Many witnesses needed for condemnation.

Key Takeaway

Value collective verification.

Themes

law religion justice

Mood

reflective inquisitive

Type

philosophical ethical

When to use this quote

  • legal reform
  • academic study
  • ethical debates

Key Concepts

evidence standards due process institutional authority

Questions to Reflect On

  • How does collective proof affect fairness?
  • Are there alternatives to witness‑based condemnation?
A Different Perspective

Modern contexts may view such numbers as impractical.

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