Byzantine empire Quote by Phyllis Goldstein

“Many Jews in the Byzantine Empire welcomed the Persians. Some saw their arrival as an opportunity to win independence or even just a little…

— Phyllis Goldstein

“In both Muslim and Christian lands during the 1300s and 1400s, Jews were considered outsiders no matter how long they and their families had…

— Phyllis Goldstein

“The whole traditional civil and moral cult of the Judaism, was inspired and elaborated during the Exile on the model of Babylonian worship and…

— James John Courtenay

“The Babylonian Jews in the Sasanian Empire, living in a non-Christian and even progressively anti-Christian environment, could easily take up, and continue, the discourse…

— Peter Schäfer

“Since the rise of Islam, Jews had lived as a tolerated minority, or dhimmi, a status granted to Jews and Christians because they were…

— Matti Friedman

“The Middle East is an immense focal point of all kinds of collective forces: economic, religious, social, ideological, and cultural. We have tremendous financial…

— Ritama Davidson

“It has been argued that the hostility of the Arabian Jewish tribes to Mohammed was due to his alliances with dissenting Jewish sects.8 Our…

— Harry Freedman

“By 629, the Byzantines were in control of Jerusalem again. Although Jews scrambled to make peace with the authorities, Christian religious leaders demanded that…

— Phyllis Goldstein

“Jewish history is never simply about the Jews, but always about their relationship with the rest of society.”

— Abigail Green

“Only the Jews, of all the nations under Roman rule, had won the right to separate their political obligations from religious ones, to obey…

— Elaine Pagels

“If the Jews were Hellenized, it must be remembered that the Greeks were Aramaized.”

— James John Courtenay

“By the time of the arrival of Islam in the early seventeenth century CE, what we now call the Middle East was divided between…

— Jim Al-Khalili