““humanity. The roots of the Turing Test in logical positivism and English philosophy is part of the problem. Turing was trying to find a way – not to decide the nature of humanity but whether machines could think. He saw no real distinction between whether the computer could fool an interrogator that it was human and whether it was actually thinking. In 1980 the English philosopher John Searle published his assault in an important philosophical article. It included with a story called ‘The Chinese Room’. Imagine a sealed room with a man who doesn’t understand Chinese inside, said Searle. Imagine he gets messages in Chinese, looks them up in a lexicon and finds them associated with other Chinese characters, which he passes back – without knowing that the messages he is getting are questions and the messages he is sending are answers. Now, the man might be able to convince the equivalent of Turing’s interrogator that he could understand Chinese, but actually he couldn’t.””
