A hypothesis is empirical or scientific only if it can be tested by experience. A hypothesis or theory which cannot be, at least in principle, falsified by empirical observations and experiments does not belong to the realm of science. — Francisco J. Ayala Copy Share Image
Insect resistance to a pesticide was first reported in 1947 for the Housefly (Musca domestica) with respect to DDT. Since then resistance to one… — Francisco J. Ayala Copy Share Image
A few years ago, they [Neandertals] were thought to be ancestral to anatomically modern humans, but now we know that modern humans appeared at… — Francisco J. Ayala Copy Share Image
It is probably fair to estimate the frequency of a majority of mutations, in higher organisms, between one in ten thousand and one in… — Francisco J. Ayala Copy Share Image
Toby Tyrrell unravels the various formulations of Gaia and explains how recent scientific developments bring the hypothesis into question. His criticisms are insightful, profound,… — Francisco J. Ayala Copy Share Image
A hypothesis is empirical or scientific only if it can be tested by experience. A hypothesis or theory which cannot be, at least in… — Francisco J. Ayala Copy Share Image
![“A few years ago, they [Neandertals] were thought to be ancestral to anatomically modern humans, but now we know that modern humans appeared at least 100,000 years ago, much before the disappearance of the Neandertals. Moreover, in caves in the Middle East, fossils of modern humans have been found…” quote by Francisco J. Ayala](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/img-quotes/88f/francisco-j-ayala-63825_areas_a-few-years-ago-they-neandertals-were-th_1073599.jpg)
