“We noted in Section II that an increasing reliance on textbooks or their equivalent was an invariable concomitant of the emergence of a first paradigm in any field of science. The concluding section of this essay will argue that the… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Textbooks, however, being pedagogic vehicles for the perpetuation of normal science, have to be rewritten in whole or in part whenever the language, problem-structure, or standards of normal science change. In short, they have to be rewritten in the aftermath… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Unable either to practice science without the Principia or to make that work conform to the corpuscular standards of the seventeenth century, scientists gradually… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Once a first paradigm through which to view nature has been found, there is no such thing as research in the absence of any… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Unanticipated novelty, the new discovery, can emerge only to the extent that his anticipations about nature and his instruments prove wrong.” — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Max Planck, surveying his own career in his Scientific Autobiography, sadly remarked that “a new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Perhaps science does not develop by the accumulation of individual discoveries and inventions” — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Either as a metaphor or because it reflects the nature of the mind, that psychological experiment provides a wonderfully simple and cogent schema for… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Newton's three laws of motion are less a product of novel experiments than of the attempt to reinterpret well-known observations in terms of motions… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Gravity, interpreted as an innate attraction between every pair of particles of matter, was an occult quality in the same sense as the scholastics'… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“Observation and experience can and must drastically restrict the range of admissible scientific belief, else there would be no science. But they cannot alone… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“We noted in Section II that an increasing reliance on textbooks or their equivalent was an invariable concomitant of the emergence of a first… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“And even when the apparatus exists, novelty ordinarily emerges only for the man who, knowing with precision what he should expect, is able to… — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
“The competition between paradigms is not the sort of battle that can be resolved by proofs.” — Thomas S. Kuhn Copy Share Image
