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After costs, only the top 3% of managers produce a return…

“After costs, only the top 3% of managers produce a return that indicates they have sufficient skill to just cover their costs, which means that going forward, and despite extraordinary past returns, even the top performers are expected to be only as good as a low-cost passive index fund. The other…” quote by Eugene Fama
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“After costs, only the top 3% of managers produce a return that indicates they have sufficient skill to just cover their costs, which means that going forward, and despite extraordinary past returns, even the top performers are expected to be only as good as a low-cost passive index fund. The other 97% can be expected to do worse.”

Eugene Fama

About This Quote

This interpretation was drafted with AI assistance. It is one reading of the quote, not the author's own explanation.

Only a tiny fraction of managers truly outperform costs; most will underperform passive funds over time.

In simple terms: Few managers beat the market.

Key Takeaway

Invest in low‑cost index funds.

Themes

investment performance active vs passive cost efficiency skill distribution market efficiency risk management

Mood

analytical pragmatic informed

Type

educational financial

When to use this quote

  • retirement planning
  • wealth building
  • advisor selection
  • financial education

Key Concepts

Portfolio theory behavioral finance fund selection

Questions to Reflect On

  • Are there circumstances where active strategies outperform?
  • How can investors assess true manager skill?
A Different Perspective

Active management may still add value in niche markets.

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