Face value Quote by Andrew Roberts
““It was on 7 March 1936 that Hitler comprehensivelyviolated the Versailles Treaty by sending troops intothe industrial region of the Rhineland, which under Article 180 had been specifically designated ademilitarized zone. Had the German Army beenopposed by the French and British forces stationednear by, it had orders to retire back to base and sucha reverse would almost certainly have cost Hitler thechancellorship. Yet the Western powers, riven withguilt about having imposed what was described as a‘Carthaginian peace’ on Germany in 1919, allowedthe Germans to enter the Rhineland unopposed. ‘After all,’ said the influential Liberal politician andnewspaper director the Marquis of Lothian, who hadbeen Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in RamsayMacDonald’s National Government, ‘they are onlygoing into their own back garden.’ When Hitler assured the Western powers in March 1936 thatGermany wished only for peace, Arthur Greenwood,the deputy leader of the Labour Party, told the Houseof Commons: ‘Herr Hitler has made a statement…holding out the olive branch… which ought to be takenat face value… It is idle to say that those statementsare insincere.’ That August Germany adopted compulsory two-year military service””
About This Quote
Source Historical: Speech and parliamentary records, 1936, United Kingdom
The quote highlights how appeasement and guilt over the Treaty of Versailles allowed Hitler to violate it without opposition, emboldening Nazi aggression.
In simple terms: Western guilt led to unchecked Nazi moves.
Recognize the danger of appeasement.
Themes
Mood
Type
When to use this quote
- parliamentary debates
- foreign policy decisions
- military planning
- public opinion shaping
Key Concepts
Questions to Reflect On
- What lessons does this episode teach about balancing moral responsibility with security?
- How might different diplomatic choices have altered the 1930s?
Appeasement can be seen as a pragmatic short‑term peace effort, though it risked long‑term conflict.