“As you study the trait in more environments, the heritability score will decrease. This is recognized by Bouchard: “These conclusions [derived from… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“In a typical study, higher testosterone levels would be observed in those male prisoners with higher rates of aggression. But being aggressive… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Another study that winds up in half the textbooks makes the same point, if more subtly. The subjects of the “experiment” were… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Fear, anxiety, the terror of mortality—it must be a drag being right-wing. But despite that, in a multinational study, rightists were happier… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Starting with a 1979 study, low levels of serotonin in the brain were shown to be associated with elevated levels of human… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Cab drivers use spatial maps for a living, and one renowned study showed enlargement of that part of the hippocampus in London… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“In another study subjects waited an unknown length of time to receive a shock.12 This lack of predictability and control was so… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Gerontologists studying the aging process find increasing evidence that most of us will age with a fair degree of success. There’s far… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Thus, particularly important is a 2011 study that used transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques to temporarily inactivate the vmPFC; subjects became less likely… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Secure-attachment 7Rs show more generosity than average. Thus 7R has something to do with generosity—but its effect is entirely context dependent.” — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
But if you get chronically, psychosocially stressed, you're going to compromise your health. So, essentially, we've evolved to be smart enough to make ourselves… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Finally, for the same criminal conviction, the more stereotypically Af-rican a black individual’s facial features, the longer the sentence.15 In contrast, juries view black… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“So testosterone does subtle things to behavior. Nonetheless, this doesn’t tell us much because everything can be interpreted every which way. Testosterone increases anxiety—you… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“pain makes aggressive people more aggressive, while doing the opposite to unaggressive individuals.” — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Thus, for our purposes, genes aren’t about inevitability. Instead they’re about context-dependent tendencies, propensities, potentials, and vulnerabilities. All embedded in the fabric of the… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“If we accept that there will always be sides, it’s a nontrivial to-do list item to always be on the side of angels. Distrust… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“In other words, the more genomically complex the organism, the larger the percentage of the genome devoted to gene regulation by the environment.” — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“The subject of one experiment is a rat that receives mild electric shocks (roughly equivalent to the static shock you might get from scuffing… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“No brain region is an island, and the formation of circuits connecting far-flung brain regions is crucial—how else can the frontal cortex use its… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“We process emotionally salient information more rapidly and automatically, but with less accuracy. Frontal function—working memory, impulse control, executive decision making, risk assessment, and… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
“Most broadly, the PFC chooses between conflicting options—Coke or Pepsi; blurting out what you really think or restraining yourself; pulling the trigger or not.… — Robert M. Sapolsky Copy Share Image
