“In 1995 Bank of America issued a famous report on sprawl in California. The bank pronounced: 'Urban job centers have decentralized to the suburbs. New housing tracts have moved even deeper into agriculturally and environmentally sensitive areas. Private auto use… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share Image
“In the 1954 Internal Revenue Code, a Republican Congress changed forty-year, straight-line depreciation for buildings to permit 'accelerated depreciation' of greenfield income-producing property in seven years. By enabling owners to depreciate or write off the value of a building in such a short time, the law created a gigantic hidden subsidy for the developers of cheap new commercial buildings located… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share
“By the mid-1950s real estate promoters of the commercial strip were attaching it to the centerless residential suburb. Both strips and tracts expanded under… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share Image
“Malls in the late forties and early fifties were risky. Suburban customers still believed in making major purchases in the central business districts of cities and towns, where they expected to find the greatest selection of merchandise and the most competitive prices. After the tax laws of 1954, this changed. Shopping mall developers were among the biggest beneficiaries of accelerated… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share
“Although it has become the most visible of American suburban landscapes, the edge node has few architectural defenders. Even developers despair: 'Shopping centers built only in the 1960s are already being abandoned. Their abandonment brings down the values of nearby neighbourhoods. Wal-Marts built five years ago are already being abandoned for superstores. We have built a world of junk, a… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share
“Jobs and commerce have moved to edge nodes, but few people want to live in them. The presence of housing in edge nodes is… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share Image
“In the wake of the tax bonanzas for new commercial projects, roadside strips boomed. Private developers responded to the lack of planned centers, public… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share Image
“By 2000, Americans had built almost twice as much retail space per citizen as any other country in the world: over nineteen square feet… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share Image
“The activities of automobile manufacturers, commercial real estate developers, and the federal government have been far more important in determining patterns of transportation than… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share Image
“Since the Leeburg Pike [at Tyson's Corner] carries six to eight lanes of fast-moving traffic and the mall lacks an obvious pedestrian entrance, I… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share Image
“In 1995 Bank of America issued a famous report on sprawl in California. The bank pronounced: 'Urban job centers have decentralized to the suburbs.… — Dolores Hayden Copy Share Image
![“Since the Leeburg Pike [at Tyson's Corner] carries six to eight lanes of fast-moving traffic and the mall lacks an obvious pedestrian entrance, I decided to negotiate the street in my car rather than on foot. This is a problem planners call the 'drive to lunch syndrome,' typical of edge nodes…” quote by Dolores Hayden](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/img-quotes/536/dolores-hayden-41640_156-157_since-the-leeburg-pike-at-tyson-s-corner_2353746.jpg)