---
title: "Meaning & Key Takeaway of: We don't know what kills polio germs,\"…"
description: "\"“We don't know what kills polio germs,\" Dr. Steinberg said. \"We don't know who or what carries polio, and there's still some debate about how it enters..."
image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ca3/philip-roth-681_conscience_we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr_1078019.jpg"
---

#  We don't know what kills polio germs," Dr. Steinberg said…

![“We don't know what kills polio germs,&quot; Dr. Steinberg said. &quot;We don't know who or what carries polio, and there's still some debate about how it enters the body. But what's important is that you cleaned up an unhygienic mess and reassured the boys by the way you took charge. ... You must understand…” quote by Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ca3/philip-roth-681_conscience_we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr_1078019.jpg)   [Download](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ca3/philip-roth-681_conscience_we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr_1078019.jpg) [Open image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ca3/philip-roth-681_conscience_we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr_1078019.jpg)

> ““We don't know what kills polio germs," Dr. Steinberg said. "We don't know who or what carries polio, and there's still some debate about how it enters the body. But what's important is that you cleaned up an unhygienic mess and reassured the boys by the way you took charge. ... You must understand that a lot of us who are much older and more experienced with illness than you are also shaken by it. To stand by as a doctor unable to stop the spread of this dreadful disease is painful for all of us. A crippling disease that attacks mainly children and leaves some of them dead -- that's difficult for any adult to accept. You have a conscience, and a conscience is a valuable attribute, but not if it begins to make you think you're to blame for what is far beyond the scope of your responsibility." He thought to ask: Doesn't God have a conscience? ... But instead he asked, "Should the playground be shut down?" "You're the director. Should it?" Dr. Steinberg asked.””

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

## About This Quote

This interpretation was drafted with AI assistance. It is one reading of the quote, not the author's own explanation.

A doctor confronts the limits of responsibility when disease spreads, emphasizing the need for decisive action despite personal guilt and moral uncertainty.

**In simple terms:** Doctors must act decisively despite feeling guilty.

Key Takeaway

Take decisive action, accept limits of control.

Themes

responsibility ethics leadership

Mood

serious empathetic

Type

advice philosophical

When to use this quote

- hospital management
- policy decisions
- crisis response
- community health

Key Concepts

public health moral psychology decision‑making

Questions to Reflect On

- What actions can you take when faced with systemic health threats?
- How do you balance personal conscience with professional duty?

A Different Perspective

Guilt may paralyze decision‑making, and external factors often lie beyond control.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★   No ratings yet

[Carries Polio](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/carries-polio-2721751/) [Conscience](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/conscience/) [God](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/god/) [Kills Polio](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/kills-polio-2721750/) [Polio](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/polio/) [Polio Debate](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/polio-debate-2721749/) [Polio Germs](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/polio-germs-2721752/) [Responsibility](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/responsibility/)

## Related quotes

> [“Though I'd never forgotten Alan, I hadn't uttered his name aloud in the many years since he'd died, back in that decade when it…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/though-i-d-never-forgotten-alan-i-hadn-t-uttered-his-name-aloud-in/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [“They sat on fold-up beach chairs and were talking about polio. The older ones, like his grandmother, had lived through the city's 1916 epidemic…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/they-sat-on-fold-up-beach-chairs-and-were-talking-about-polio-the/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [There are very few issues that lie specifically in one region now. Polio in Syria doesn't affect Syria alone. I don't think any issue…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/cate-blanchett/there-are-very-few-issues-that-lie-specifically-in-one-region-now/)

[Cate Blanchett](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/cate-blanchett/)

> [So, obviously, autism - which is the key in this - is a very big problem. We need more studies about it. We certainly…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/david-oshinsky/so-obviously-autism-which-is-the-key-in-this-is-a-very-big-problem-we/)

[David Oshinsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/david-oshinsky/)

> [I do not argue that nature is sacrosanct in the sense that we must never tamper with nature. That would disempower, really, all of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/michael-sandel/i-do-not-argue-that-nature-is-sacrosanct-in-the-sense-that-we-must/)

[Michael Sandel](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/michael-sandel/)

> [If somebody is working on a new medicine, computer science helps us model those things. We have a whole group here in Seattle called…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bill-gates/if-somebody-is-working-on-a-new-medicine-computer-science-helps-us/)

[Bill Gates](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bill-gates/)

> [Having children made us look differently at all these things that we take for granted, like taking your child to get a vaccine against…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/melinda-gates/having-children-made-us-look-differently-at-all-these-things-that-we/)

[Melinda Gates](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/melinda-gates/)

> [That is why we have the polio vaccine. People are blazing their own trial. That is what seems to be important. I don't care…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/henry-threadgill/that-is-why-we-have-the-polio-vaccine-people-are-blazing-their-own/)

[Henry Threadgill](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/henry-threadgill/)

> [Fear is the polio of the soul. Faith is the life based on unseen realities; it is the word become flesh.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/clarence-jordan/fear-is-the-polio-of-the-soul-faith-is-the-life-based-on-unseen/)

[Clarence Jordan](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/clarence-jordan/)

> [We are ever on the threshold of new journeys and new discoveries. Can you imagine the excitement of the Wright brothers on the morning…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/joseph-b-wirthlin/we-are-ever-on-the-threshold-of-new-journeys-and-new-discoveries-can/)

[Joseph B. Wirthlin](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/joseph-b-wirthlin/)

> [Ninety percent of the cases of polio are in security-vulnerable areas.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bill-gates/ninety-percent-of-the-cases-of-polio-are-in-security-vulnerable-areas/)

[Bill Gates](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bill-gates/)

> [I am the daughter of Nigerian immigrants. My mother is a survivor of both polio and of the Igbo genocide during her country's civil…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/uzo-aduba/i-am-the-daughter-of-nigerian-immigrants-my-mother-is-a-survivor-of/)

[Uzo Aduba](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/uzo-aduba/)

> [Reply when questioned on the safety of the polio vaccine he developed: It is safe, and you can't get safer than safe.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/jonas-salk/reply-when-questioned-on-the-safety-of-the-polio-vaccine-he-developed/)

[Jonas Salk](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/jonas-salk/)

> [Because I could dance, my folks went through hell so I could be in movies. But I didn't dance in pictures. I cried! At…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/david-holt/because-i-could-dance-my-folks-went-through-hell-so-i-could-be-in/)

[David Holt](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/david-holt/)

> [If you give us a safe vaccine, we'll use it. It shouldn't be polio versus autism.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/jenny-mccarthy/if-you-give-us-a-safe-vaccine-we-ll-use-it-it-shouldn-t-be-polio/)

[Jenny McCarthy](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/jenny-mccarthy/)

## More by Philip Roth

> [“The old intergenerational give-and-take of the country-that-used-to-be, when everyone knew his role and took the rules dead seriously, the acculturating back-and-forth that all of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/the-old-intergenerational-give-and-take-of-the-country-that-used-to/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [You be greater than your feelings. I don't demand this of you - life does. Otherwise you'll be washed away by feelings. You'll be…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/you-be-greater-than-your-feelings-i-don-t-demand-this-of-you-life/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [Nothing bad can happen to a writer. Everything is material.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/nothing-bad-can-happen-to-a-writer-everything-is-material/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [The only way to have a funeral is to invite everyone who ever knew the person and just wait for the accident to happen-somebody…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/the-only-way-to-have-a-funeral-is-to-invite-everyone-who-ever-knew/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [To become a celebrity is to become a brand name. There is Ivory Soap, Rice Krispies, and Philip Roth. Ivory is the soap that…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/to-become-a-celebrity-is-to-become-a-brand-name-there-is-ivory-soap/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [“There are no reasons. She is obliged to be as she is. We all are. Reasons are in books.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/there-are-no-reasons-she-is-obliged-to-be-as-she-is-we-all-are/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [“As far as I can see there is no conquering or exorcising the past with words - words born either of imagination or forthrightness.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/as-far-as-i-can-see-there-is-no-conquering-or-exorcising-the-past/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [The book really comes to life in the rewriting.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/the-book-really-comes-to-life-in-the-rewriting/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [“What is astonishing is that we, who had no idea how anything was going to turn out, now know exactly what happened.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/what-is-astonishing-is-that-we-who-had-no-idea-how-anything-was-going/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [“Good Christ, a Jewish man with parents alive is a fifteen-year-old boy, and will remain a fifteen-year-old boy till they die!”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/good-christ-a-jewish-man-with-parents-alive-is-a-fifteen-year-old-boy/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [I am the Raskolnikov of jerking off – the sticky evidence is everywhere!](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/i-am-the-raskolnikov-of-jerking-off-the-sticky-evidence-is-everywhere/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [“Better for real things to be uncontrollable, better for one's life to be undecipherable and intellectually impenetrable than to attempt to make casual sense…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/better-for-real-things-to-be-uncontrollable-better-for-one-s-life-to/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [“Doctor Spielvogel, it alleviates nothing fixing the blame - blaming is still ailing, of course, of course - but nonetheless, what was it with…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/doctor-spielvogel-it-alleviates-nothing-fixing-the-blame-blaming-is/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [My God! The English language is a form of communication! Conversation isn't just crossfire where you shoot and get shot at! Where you've got…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/my-god-the-english-language-is-a-form-of-communication-conversation/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

> [You asked if I thought my fiction had changed anything in the culture and the answer is no. Sure, there's been some scandal, but…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/you-asked-if-i-thought-my-fiction-had-changed-anything-in-the-culture/)

[Philip Roth](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

[Explore all 388 Philip Roth quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/)

## More Conscience quotes

> [Self-respect and a clear conscience are powerful components of integrity and are the basis for enriching your relationships with others.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/denis-waitley/self-respect-and-a-clear-conscience-are-powerful-components-of/)

[Denis Waitley](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/denis-waitley/)

> [“Knowledge without conscience is but the ruin of the soul.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/rabelaise/knowledge-without-conscience-is-but-the-ruin-of-the-soul/)

[Rabelaise](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/rabelaise/)

> [Writing adds up to the conscience of our times.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/martin-firrell/writing-adds-up-to-the-conscience-of-our-times/)

[Martin Firrell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/martin-firrell/)

> [My conscience is really active. So I feel bad about spending excess amount of money on things.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/syd/my-conscience-is-really-active-so-i-feel-bad-about-spending-excess/)

[Syd](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/syd/)

> [Let us be thankful for health and competence, and, above all, for a quiet conscience.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/izaak-walton/let-us-be-thankful-for-health-and-competence-and-above-all-for-a/)

[Izaak Walton](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/izaak-walton/)

> [Making money doesn't oblige people to forfeit their honor or their conscience.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/guy-de-rothschild/making-money-doesn-t-oblige-people-to-forfeit-their-honor-or-their/)

[Guy de Rothschild](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/guy-de-rothschild/)

> [“If we cannot be happy and powerful and prey on others, we invent conscience and prey on ourselves.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/elbert-hubbard/if-we-cannot-be-happy-and-powerful-and-prey-on-others-we-invent/)

[Elbert Hubbard](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/elbert-hubbard/)

> [The God in whose hands are all our days and ways, did cast into my hand one day a book of Martin Luthers; it…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-bunyan/the-god-in-whose-hands-are-all-our-days-and-ways-did-cast-into-my/)

[John Bunyan](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-bunyan/)

> [My morals are important to me.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/hunter-parrish/my-morals-are-important-to-me/)

[Hunter Parrish](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/hunter-parrish/)

> [Being tolerant does not mean that I share another ones belief. But it does mean that I acknowledge another ones right to believe, and…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/viktor-frankl/being-tolerant-does-not-mean-that-i-share-another-ones-belief-but-it/)

[Viktor Frankl](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/viktor-frankl/)

> [Never can true courage dwell with them, Who, playing tricks with conscience, dare not look At their own vices.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/samuel-taylor-coleridge/never-can-true-courage-dwell-with-them-who-playing-tricks-with/)

[Samuel Taylor Coleridge](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/samuel-taylor-coleridge/)

> [In presenting a mathematical argument the great thing is to give the educated reader the chance to catch on at once to the momentary…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-edensor-littlewood/in-presenting-a-mathematical-argument-the-great-thing-is-to-give-the/)

[John Edensor Littlewood](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-edensor-littlewood/)

> [I've worked with people who are much further to the left than I am and much further to the right than I am. At…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/tom-hanks/i-ve-worked-with-people-who-are-much-further-to-the-left-than-i-am/)

[Tom Hanks](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/tom-hanks/)

> [If all the world hated you and believed you wicked, while your own conscience approved of you and absolved you from guilt, you would…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/charlotte-bronte/if-all-the-world-hated-you-and-believed-you-wicked-while-your-own/)

[Charlotte Bronte](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/charlotte-bronte/)

> [ \[D\]on't grow old. With age comes caution, which is another name for cowardice… Whatever else you do in life, don't cultivate a conscience. Without… ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/hesketh-pearson/d-on-t-grow-old-with-age-comes-caution-which-is-another-name-for/)

[Hesketh Pearson](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/hesketh-pearson/)

[Browse all 3,490 Conscience quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/conscience/)

```json
{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@graph": [
        {
            "@type": "Quotation",
            "text": "“We don't know what kills polio germs,\" Dr. Steinberg said. \"We don't know who or what carries polio, and there's still some debate about how it enters the body. But what's important is that you cleaned up an unhygienic mess and reassured the boys by the way you took charge. ... You must understand that a lot of us who are much older and more experienced with illness than you are also shaken by it. To stand by as a doctor unable to stop the spread of this dreadful disease is painful for all of us. A crippling disease that attacks mainly children and leaves some of them dead -- that's difficult for any adult to accept. You have a conscience, and a conscience is a valuable attribute, but not if it begins to make you think you're to blame for what is far beyond the scope of your responsibility.\" He thought to ask: Doesn't God have a conscience? ... But instead he asked, \"Should the playground be shut down?\" \"You're the director. Should it?\" Dr. Steinberg asked.”",
            "creator": {
                "@type": "Person",
                "name": "Philip Roth"
            },
            "isPartOf": {
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#website"
            },
            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr-steinberg-said-we-don-t-know/",
            "about": {
                "@type": "Thing",
                "name": "Conscience"
            },
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr-steinberg-said-we-don-t-know/#quotation",
            "image": {
                "@type": "ImageObject",
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ca3/philip-roth-681_conscience_we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr_1078019.jpg",
                "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ca3/philip-roth-681_conscience_we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr_1078019.jpg",
                "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ca3/philip-roth-681_conscience_we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr_1078019.jpg",
                "width": 1080,
                "height": 1080,
                "caption": "“We don't know what kills polio germs,\" Dr. Steinberg said. \"We don't know who or what carries polio, and…” — Philip Roth",
                "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                "creator": {
                    "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
            "itemListElement": [
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 1,
                    "name": "Home",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/"
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 2,
                    "name": "Quotes",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/"
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 3,
                    "name": "Philip Roth",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-roth/"
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 4,
                    "name": "“We don't know what kills polio...",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr-steinberg-said-we-don-t-know/"
                }
            ],
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-roth/we-don-t-know-what-kills-polio-germs-dr-steinberg-said-we-don-t-know/#breadcrumb"
        },
        {
            "@type": "WebSite",
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#website",
            "name": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/",
            "publisher": {
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
            }
        },
        {
            "@type": "Organization",
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization",
            "name": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/",
            "logo": {
                "@type": "ImageObject",
                "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/themes/sq/assets/icons/icon-512.png",
                "width": 512,
                "height": 512
            }
        }
    ]
}
```
