--- title: "Meaning & Key Takeaway of: Gerber, who studied seventeenth- and…" description: "\"“Gerber, who studied seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Ottoman court decisions, points to examples of Ottoman muftis (official jurists) who, despite ..." image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/790/mustafa-akyol-15064_face-to-face_gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eight_22267.png" --- # Gerber, who studied seventeenth- and eighteenth-century… ![“Gerber, who studied seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Ottoman court decisions, points to examples of Ottoman muftis (official jurists) who, despite being paid by the government, “did not hesitate to speak out against the government when [they] came face to face with an injustice.” quote by Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/790/mustafa-akyol-15064_face-to-face_gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eight_22267.png) [Download](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/790/mustafa-akyol-15064_face-to-face_gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eight_22267.png) [Open image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/790/mustafa-akyol-15064_face-to-face_gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eight_22267.png) > ““Gerber, who studied seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Ottoman court decisions, points to examples of Ottoman muftis (official jurists) who, despite being paid by the government, “did not hesitate to speak out against the government when \[they\] came face to face with an injustice.”” [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) ## About This Quote This interpretation was drafted with AI assistance. It is one reading of the quote, not the author's own explanation. Even paid jurists can oppose state injustice, showing moral duty can outweigh financial ties. **In simple terms:** Moral courage over patronage Key Takeaway Authority can be independent of its benefactor Themes ethics law political dissent justice institutional independence Mood respectful thoughtful Type historical anecdote political observation When to use this quote - judicial review - public policy debates - human rights advocacy Key Concepts jurist autonomy state patronage moral integrity Practical Applications - legal education - civil society watchdogs Questions to Reflect On - What limits should a public official's loyalty to the state? - How does financial dependence affect ethical judgment? ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ No ratings yet [Face to face](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/face-to-face/) [Jurists](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/jurists/) [Politics](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/politics/) ## Related quotes > [The poets began drifting away from churches as the jurists grew louder and more insistent.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/barbara-brown-taylor/the-poets-began-drifting-away-from-churches-as-the-jurists-grew/) [Barbara Brown Taylor](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/barbara-brown-taylor/) > [When you compare yourself with others in matters of wealth, position, and health, you should look at people less favoured than yourself. When you…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/ibn-hazm/when-you-compare-yourself-with-others-in-matters-of-wealth-position/) [Ibn Hazm](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/ibn-hazm/) > [The thing I want to do is put as many new ideas into the law as I can, to show how particular solutions involve…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/oliver-wendell-holmes-jr/the-thing-i-want-to-do-is-put-as-many-new-ideas-into-the-law-as-i-can/) [Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/oliver-wendell-holmes-jr/) > [We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed. Frankly I have…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/martin-luther-king-jr/we-know-through-painful-experience-that-freedom-is-never-voluntarily-2/) [Martin Luther King, Jr](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/martin-luther-king-jr/) > [Islamic tradition is full of examples of supporting the autonomy of women and the empowerment of women. Very few people know that in Islamic…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/khaled-abou-el-fadl/islamic-tradition-is-full-of-examples-of-supporting-the-autonomy-of/) [Khaled Abou El Fadl](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/khaled-abou-el-fadl/) > [It may be true that people who are merely mathematicians have certain specific shortcomings; however that is not the fault of mathematics, but is…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/carl-friedrich-gauss/it-may-be-true-that-people-who-are-merely-mathematicians-have-certain/) [Carl Friedrich Gauss](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/carl-friedrich-gauss/) > [I just don't think we think about jurists as rock stars or great thinkers, particularly in the political world.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/dahlia-lithwick/i-just-don-t-think-we-think-about-jurists-as-rock-stars-or-great/) [Dahlia Lithwick](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/dahlia-lithwick/) > [“in our democratic societies, there is nothing that is not regulated. Arab jurists taught me something that I liked very much. They represent law…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/anonymous/in-our-democratic-societies-there-is-nothing-that-is-not-regulated/) [Anonymous](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/anonymous/) > [The judges of England have rarely been original thinkers or great jurists. Many have been craftsmen rather than creators.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/patrick-devlin-baron-devlin/the-judges-of-england-have-rarely-been-original-thinkers-or-great/) Patrick Devlin, Baron Devlin > [In the end the great truth will have been learned that the quest is greater than what is sought, the effort finer that the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/benjamin-cardozo/in-the-end-the-great-truth-will-have-been-learned-that-the-quest-is/) [Benjamin Cardozo](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/benjamin-cardozo/) > [In its majestic equality, the law forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under bridges, beg in the streets and steal loaves of bread.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/anatole-france/in-its-majestic-equality-the-law-forbids-rich-and-poor-alike-to-sleep/) [Anatole France](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/anatole-france/) > [It is galling to see such mendacious hypocrites as Kennedy and Biden at the Senate Judiciary Committee sitting in judgment on distinguished jurists.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/conrad-black/it-is-galling-to-see-such-mendacious-hypocrites-as-kennedy-and-biden/) [Conrad Black](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/conrad-black/) > [Justice Sandra Day O'Connor serves as a model Supreme Court justice, widely recognized as a jurist with practical values, a sense of the consequences…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/patrick-leahy/justice-sandra-day-o-connor-serves-as-a-model-supreme-court-justice/) [Patrick Leahy](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/patrick-leahy/) > [The Supreme Court needs jurists, not politicians.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/timothy-noah/the-supreme-court-needs-jurists-not-politicians/) [Timothy Noah](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/timothy-noah/) > [Jurists say that a capital crime submerges all lesser crimes; and so it is with faith. Its absurdity makes all petty difficultiesvanish.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/soren-kierkegaard/jurists-say-that-a-capital-crime-submerges-all-lesser-crimes-and-so/) [Soren Kierkegaard](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/soren-kierkegaard/) ## More by Mustafa Akyol > [“As Islamic liberalism waned, and resistance arose against the West and its influence, that very resistance started to replace genuine religiosity as the basis…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/as-islamic-liberalism-waned-and-resistance-arose-against-the-west-and/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [I think forcing people to uncover their head is as tyrannical as forcing them to cover it.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/i-think-forcing-people-to-uncover-their-head-is-as-tyrannical-as/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [“The medieval Islamic world . . . offered vastly more freedom than any of its predecessors, its contemporaries and most of its successors. —Bernard…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/the-medieval-islamic-world-offered-vastly-more-freedom-than-any-of/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [“According to Gerber, the Shariah principle here was unmistakably individualist: “The rights of the state are depicted as opposed to the rights of the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/according-to-gerber-the-shariah-principle-here-was-unmistakably/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [“Moreover, unlike the classical period, in which the Shariah was a check on the powers of the executive, it now became an instrument of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/moreover-unlike-the-classical-period-in-which-the-shariah-was-a-check/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [Turkey has never been colonized, so it remained as an independent nation after the fall of the Ottoman Empire.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/turkey-has-never-been-colonized-so-it-remained-as-an-independent/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [The Qur'an not only lacks any earthly punishment for someone who abandons Islam, it even includes verses that imply that such a change of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/the-qur-an-not-only-lacks-any-earthly-punishment-for-someone-who/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [“The Qur’an promoted work and trade and defined commercial profit as “God’s bounty.”38 The Prophet, himself a merchant, is on the record with such…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/the-qur-an-promoted-work-and-trade-and-defined-commercial-profit-as/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [In the 19th century, when Muslims were looking at Europe as an example, they were independent; they were more self-confident. In the early 20th…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/in-the-19th-century-when-muslims-were-looking-at-europe-as-an-example/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [“The Prophet brought a message relevant for all ages, in other words, but he lived a life of his own age.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/the-prophet-brought-a-message-relevant-for-all-ages-in-other-words/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [“Other problems in the Shariah, such as misogyny, come from the fact that Islamic law incorporated a great many medieval attitudes, customs, and traditions…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/other-problems-in-the-shariah-such-as-misogyny-come-from-the-fact/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [“The Christians’ “exaggerated fear of sex” continued until modern times, whereas Islamdom remained more sex-friendly until, again, modern times. Even the more conservative scholars…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/the-christians-exaggerated-fear-of-sex-continued-until-modern-times/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [“Some liberal theorists have seen a parallelism between this function of Islamic law and the “natural law” tradition of Europe, on which the liberal…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/some-liberal-theorists-have-seen-a-parallelism-between-this-function/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [The Arab Spring has heightened the ideological tension between Ankara and Tehran, and Turkey's model seems to be winning.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/the-arab-spring-has-heightened-the-ideological-tension-between-ankara/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) > [Foreign journalists writing about Turkey like to focus on the most fundamental divide in Turkish society: the rift between religious conservatives and secularists.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/foreign-journalists-writing-about-turkey-like-to-focus-on-the-most/) [Mustafa Akyol](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) [Explore all 44 Mustafa Akyol quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/) ## More Face to face quotes > [Sometimes we have the absolute certainty there's something inside us that's so hideous and monstrous that if we ever search it out we won't…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/hubert-selby-jr/sometimes-we-have-the-absolute-certainty-there-s-something-inside-us/) [Hubert Selby, Jr](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/hubert-selby-jr/) > [A man may quarrel with himself alone; that is, by controverting his better instincts and knowledge when brought face to face with temptation.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/william-ellery-channing/a-man-may-quarrel-with-himself-alone-that-is-by-controverting-his/) [William Ellery Channing](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/william-ellery-channing/) > [Science manipulates things and gives up living in them. It makes its own limited models of things; operating upon these indices or variables to…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/maurice-merleau-ponty/science-manipulates-things-and-gives-up-living-in-them-it-makes-its/) [Maurice Merleau-Ponty](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/maurice-merleau-ponty/) > [The larger an English industry was, the more likely it was to go bankrupt, because the English were not naturally corporate people; they disliked…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/paul-theroux/the-larger-an-english-industry-was-the-more-likely-it-was-to-go/) [Paul Theroux](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/paul-theroux/) > [“True love is like a ghost; everyone talks of it, but few have met it face to face.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/anonymous/true-love-is-like-a-ghost-everyone-talks-of-it-but-few-have-met-it/) [Anonymous](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/anonymous/) > [“Even when you're talking to them face to face you have this feeling of not connecting, as if the words just pass through them.…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/ryu-murakami/even-when-you-re-talking-to-them-face-to-face-you-have-this-feeling/) [Ryū Murakami](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/ryu-murakami/) > [“Each time we come to savasana, we practice dying—we surrender the body to the earth and prepare for our destiny in this life. Facing…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/darren-main/each-time-we-come-to-savasana-we-practice-dying-we-surrender-the-body/) [Darren Main](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/darren-main/) > [Now it is time to sit quiet, face to face with thee, and to sing dedication of life in this silent and overflowing leisure.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/rabindranath-tagore/now-it-is-time-to-sit-quiet-face-to-face-with-thee-and-to-sing/) [Rabindranath Tagore](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/rabindranath-tagore/) > [“Though science makes no use for poetry, poetry is enriched by science. Poetry “takes up” the scientific vision and re-expresses its truths, but always…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/l-p-jacks-2/though-science-makes-no-use-for-poetry-poetry-is-enriched-by-science/) L.P. Jacks > [“The goal of human life," says Ramakrishna, "is to meet God face to face." But the magic is this: if we look deeply into…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/stephen-cope/the-goal-of-human-life-says-ramakrishna-is-to-meet-god-face-to-face/) [Stephen Cope](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/stephen-cope/) > [“Do you want to know something from the beyond? Do you want to chat with divine beings face to face? It is indispensable to…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/samael-aun-weor/do-you-want-to-know-something-from-the-beyond-do-you-want-to-chat/) [Samael Aun Weor](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/samael-aun-weor/) > [Relationships start out face to face...and end back to back.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/anonymous/relationships-start-out-face-to-face-and-end-back-to-back/) [Anonymous](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/anonymous/) > [While I was still going to embrace social media, I knew I had to do things that nobody else was doing. I decided I…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mark-edward/while-i-was-still-going-to-embrace-social-media-i-knew-i-had-to-do/) [Mark Edward](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mark-edward/) > [“It is the eternal struggle between these two principles - right and wrong - throughout the world. They are the two principles that have…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/abraham-lincoln/it-is-the-eternal-struggle-between-these-two-principles-right-and/) [Abraham Lincoln](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/abraham-lincoln/) > [The right course is for the Palestinians and the Israelis to sit down at the table together. The Palestinians need to recognize that the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mitt-romney/the-right-course-is-for-the-palestinians-and-the-israelis-to-sit-down/) [Mitt Romney](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mitt-romney/) [Browse all 827 Face to face quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/face-to-face/) ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "Quotation", "text": "“Gerber, who studied seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Ottoman court decisions, points to examples of Ottoman muftis (official jurists) who, despite being paid by the government, “did not hesitate to speak out against the government when [they] came face to face with an injustice.”", "creator": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Mustafa Akyol" }, "isPartOf": { "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#website" }, "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eighteenth-century-ottoman-court/", "about": { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Face to face" }, "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eighteenth-century-ottoman-court/#quotation", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/790/mustafa-akyol-15064_face-to-face_gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eight_22267.png", "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/790/mustafa-akyol-15064_face-to-face_gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eight_22267.png", "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/790/mustafa-akyol-15064_face-to-face_gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eight_22267.png", "width": 1080, "height": 1080, "caption": "“Gerber, who studied seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Ottoman court decisions, points to examples of…” — Mustafa Akyol", "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes", "creator": { "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization" } } }, { "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://sms4smile.com/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Quotes", "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "Mustafa Akyol", "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mustafa-akyol/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "name": "“Gerber, who studied seventeenth- and eighteenth-century...", "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eighteenth-century-ottoman-court/" } ], "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mustafa-akyol/gerber-who-studied-seventeenth-and-eighteenth-century-ottoman-court/#breadcrumb" }, { "@type": "WebSite", "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#website", "name": "SMS4Smile Quotes", "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/", "publisher": { "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization" } }, { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization", "name": "SMS4Smile Quotes", "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/themes/sq/assets/icons/icon-512.png", "width": 512, "height": 512 } } ] } ```