--- title: "Meaning & Key Takeaway of: Both Hegel and Marx believed that the…" description: "\"“Both Hegel and Marx believed that the evolution of human societies was not open-ended, but would end when mankind had achieved a form of society that ..." image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a11/francis-fukuyama-11763_life-and-death_both-hegel-and-marx-believed-that-the-ev_1820259.jpg" --- # Both Hegel and Marx believed that the evolution of human… ![“Both Hegel and Marx believed that the evolution of human societies was not open-ended, but would end when mankind had achieved a form of society that satisfied its deepest and most fundamental longings. Both thinkers thus posited an "end of history": for Hegel this was the liberal state, while for…” quote by Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a11/francis-fukuyama-11763_life-and-death_both-hegel-and-marx-believed-that-the-ev_1820259.jpg) [Download](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a11/francis-fukuyama-11763_life-and-death_both-hegel-and-marx-believed-that-the-ev_1820259.jpg) [Open image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a11/francis-fukuyama-11763_life-and-death_both-hegel-and-marx-believed-that-the-ev_1820259.jpg) > ““Both Hegel and Marx believed that the evolution of human societies was not open-ended, but would end when mankind had achieved a form of society that satisfied its deepest and most fundamental longings. Both thinkers thus posited an "end of history": for Hegel this was the liberal state, while for Marx it was a communist society. This did not mean that the natural cycle of birth, life, and death would end, that important events would no longer happen, or that newspapers reporting them would cease to be published. It meant, rather, that there would be no further progress in the development of underlying principles and institutions, because all of the really big questions had been settled.”” [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) ## About This Quote This interpretation was drafted with AI assistance. It is one reading of the quote, not the author's own explanation. Hegel and Marx argued that history ends when societies achieve their ultimate ideological form, ending major ideological evolution. **In simple terms:** History ends when societies reach their final ideal. Key Takeaway Recognize the limits of ideological progress. Themes philosophy political theory historical determinism Mood thoughtful critical inquisitive Type analytical philosophical When to use this quote - political education - policy planning - academic debate Key Concepts dialectics ideological culmination civilizational analysis Questions to Reflect On - Is true ideological finality possible? - What signs indicate ongoing societal evolution? A Different Perspective It may oversimplify complex social dynamics and future change. ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ No ratings yet [Hegel](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/hegel/) [Life and death](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/life-and-death/) ## Related quotes > [“but on Hegel, his "idealist" predecessor who was the first philosopher to answer Kant's challenge of writing a Universal History. For Hegel's understanding of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/but-on-hegel-his-idealist-predecessor-who-was-the-first-philosopher/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [“Hegel did not deceive himself about the revolutionary character of his dialectic, and was even afraid that his Philosophy of Right would be banned.…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/franz-mehring/hegel-did-not-deceive-himself-about-the-revolutionary-character-of/) Franz Mehring > [Fichte is a necessary step to both Hegel and Marx.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/allen-w-wood/fichte-is-a-necessary-step-to-both-hegel-and-marx/) [Allen W. Wood](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/allen-w-wood/) > [In 1848, Karl Marx said, a progressive income tax is needed to transfer wealth and power to the state. Thus, Marx's Communist Manifesto had…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/james-traficant/in-1848-karl-marx-said-a-progressive-income-tax-is-needed-to-transfer/) [James Traficant](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/james-traficant/) > [Indeed the three prophecies about the death of individual art are, in their different ways, those of Hegel, Marx, and Freud. I don't see…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/harold-bloom/indeed-the-three-prophecies-about-the-death-of-individual-art-are-in/) [Harold Bloom](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/harold-bloom/) > [Mr. Speaker, in 1848, Karl Marx said, a progressive income tax is needed to transfer wealth and power to the state. Thus, Marx's Communist…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/james-traficant/mr-speaker-in-1848-karl-marx-said-a-progressive-income-tax-is-needed/) [James Traficant](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/james-traficant/) > [“For Hegel, freedom was not just a psychological phenomenon, but the essence of what was distinctively human. In this sense, freedom and nature are…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/for-hegel-freedom-was-not-just-a-psychological-phenomenon-but-the/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [“For Hegel , by contrast, liberal society is a reciprocal and equal agreement among citizens to mutually recognize each other”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/for-hegel-by-contrast-liberal-society-is-a-reciprocal-and-equal/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [“Yet mere membership as a matter of duty is not enough for Hegel, given the grandeur of the state’s divine historical purpose: “One must…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/stephen-r-c-hicks/yet-mere-membership-as-a-matter-of-duty-is-not-enough-for-hegel-given/) [Stephen R.C. Hicks](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/stephen-r-c-hicks/) > [“Should you ever intend to dull the wits of a young man and to incapacitate his brains for any kind of thought whatever, then…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-r-popper/should-you-ever-intend-to-dull-the-wits-of-a-young-man-and-to/) [Karl R. Popper](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/karl-r-popper/) > [“My application's not bought,' I am telling them, calling into the darkness of the red cave that opens out before closed eyes. 'I am…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/david-foster-wallace/my-application-s-not-bought-i-am-telling-them-calling-into-the/) [David Foster Wallace](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/david-foster-wallace/) > [At the present moment, the security of coherent philosophy, which existed from Parmenides to Hegel, is lost.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-jaspers/at-the-present-moment-the-security-of-coherent-philosophy-which/) [Karl Jaspers](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/karl-jaspers/) > [People are mostly sane enough, of course, in the affairs of common life: the getting of food, shelter, and so on. But the moment…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/david-stove/people-are-mostly-sane-enough-of-course-in-the-affairs-of-common-life/) [David Stove](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/david-stove/) > [That Hegel's theory is derivative from Fichte's does not prevent it from being strikingly original and of independent value.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/allen-w-wood/that-hegel-s-theory-is-derivative-from-fichte-s-does-not-prevent-it/) [Allen W. Wood](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/allen-w-wood/) > [Contemporary philosophy illustrates Hegel's dictum that philosophy is its own time apprehended in thought, for in our age philosophy yields to the objectifying technical…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/donald-phillip-verene/contemporary-philosophy-illustrates-hegel-s-dictum-that-philosophy-is/) [Donald Phillip Verene](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/donald-phillip-verene/) ## More by Francis Fukuyama > [“For Hegel , by contrast, liberal society is a reciprocal and equal agreement among citizens to mutually recognize each other”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/for-hegel-by-contrast-liberal-society-is-a-reciprocal-and-equal/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [For capitalism flourishes best in a mobile and egalitarian society](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/for-capitalism-flourishes-best-in-a-mobile-and-egalitarian-society/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [“The only part of the world where tribalism was fully superseded by more voluntary and individualistic forms of social relationship was Europe, where Christianity…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/the-only-part-of-the-world-where-tribalism-was-fully-superseded-by/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [I've figured out in the course of my life that the one thing I'm good at doing is writing books, and it would be…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/i-ve-figured-out-in-the-course-of-my-life-that-the-one-thing-i-m-good/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [In the future the optimal form of industrial organization will be neither small companies nor large ones but network structures that share the advantages…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/in-the-future-the-optimal-form-of-industrial-organization-will-be/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [“teori kapitalisme global”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/teori-kapitalisme-global/) [francis fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [Be afraid of the Chinese. I mean, the Chinese shoot down satellites in space; they hack into Google's computers; the Osama bin Laden people…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/be-afraid-of-the-chinese-i-mean-the-chinese-shoot-down-satellites-in/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [If people who have to work together in an enterprise trust one another it is because they are all operating to a common set…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/if-people-who-have-to-work-together-in-an-enterprise-trust-one/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [Neoclassical economics ... has uncovered important truths about the nature of money and markets because its fundamental model of rational self-interested human behavior is…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/neoclassical-economics-has-uncovered-important-truths-about-the/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [I'm a tenured professor. But I'd get rid of tenure.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/i-m-a-tenured-professor-but-i-d-get-rid-of-tenure/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [I'm basically an optimist because I do think there's this historical modernisation process, and by and large it's been very beneficial to people. But…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/i-m-basically-an-optimist-because-i-do-think-there-s-this-historical/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [To truly esteem oneself means that one must be capable of feeling shame or self-disgust when one does not live up to a certain…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/to-truly-esteem-oneself-means-that-one-must-be-capable-of-feeling/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [“He was said to have liquidated “countless” affluent households, particularly in the Yangtze delta, where he believed he faced particularly strong opposition.5 The”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/he-was-said-to-have-liquidated-countless-affluent-households/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [“The effect of education on political attitudes is complicated, for democratic society. The self-professed aim of modern education is to "liberate" people from prejudices…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/the-effect-of-education-on-political-attitudes-is-complicated-for/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [“Free markets are necessary to promote long-term growth, but they are not self-regulating, particularly when it comes to banks and other large financial institutions.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/free-markets-are-necessary-to-promote-long-term-growth-but-they-are/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) [Explore all 39 Francis Fukuyama quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) ## More Hegel quotes > [“For Hegel , by contrast, liberal society is a reciprocal and equal agreement among citizens to mutually recognize each other”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/francis-fukuyama/for-hegel-by-contrast-liberal-society-is-a-reciprocal-and-equal/) [Francis Fukuyama](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/francis-fukuyama/) > [That Hegel's theory is derivative from Fichte's does not prevent it from being strikingly original and of independent value.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/allen-w-wood/that-hegel-s-theory-is-derivative-from-fichte-s-does-not-prevent-it/) [Allen W. Wood](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/allen-w-wood/) > [People are mostly sane enough, of course, in the affairs of common life: the getting of food, shelter, and so on. But the moment…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/david-stove/people-are-mostly-sane-enough-of-course-in-the-affairs-of-common-life/) [David Stove](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/david-stove/) > [At the present moment, the security of coherent philosophy, which existed from Parmenides to Hegel, is lost.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-jaspers/at-the-present-moment-the-security-of-coherent-philosophy-which/) [Karl Jaspers](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/karl-jaspers/) > [“My application's not bought,' I am telling them, calling into the darkness of the red cave that opens out before closed eyes. 'I am…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/david-foster-wallace/my-application-s-not-bought-i-am-telling-them-calling-into-the/) [David Foster Wallace](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/david-foster-wallace/) > [“Should you ever intend to dull the wits of a young man and to incapacitate his brains for any kind of thought whatever, then…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-r-popper/should-you-ever-intend-to-dull-the-wits-of-a-young-man-and-to/) [Karl R. Popper](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/karl-r-popper/) > [“Yet mere membership as a matter of duty is not enough for Hegel, given the grandeur of the state’s divine historical purpose: “One must…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/stephen-r-c-hicks/yet-mere-membership-as-a-matter-of-duty-is-not-enough-for-hegel-given/) [Stephen R.C. Hicks](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/stephen-r-c-hicks/) > [Contemporary philosophy illustrates Hegel's dictum that philosophy is its own time apprehended in thought, for in our age philosophy yields to the objectifying technical…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/donald-phillip-verene/contemporary-philosophy-illustrates-hegel-s-dictum-that-philosophy-is/) [Donald Phillip Verene](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/donald-phillip-verene/) > [“For Hegel, reality is the absolute, which exists in a dialectical evolution that is logical and rational in character. According to his famous statement,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/juli-n-mar-as/for-hegel-reality-is-the-absolute-which-exists-in-a-dialectical/) Julián Marías > [“Ever since Hegel, world history, in contrast to historia , seems to be precisely what one has not seen and experienced, inquired after and…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-l-with/ever-since-hegel-world-history-in-contrast-to-historia-seems-to-be/) Karl Löwith > [The fact is that philosophy has been a decisive source of inspiration in all the great crises that Europe has faced. It has been…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/roberto-esposito/the-fact-is-that-philosophy-has-been-a-decisive-source-of-inspiration/) [Roberto Esposito](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/roberto-esposito/) > [“The mystery of this courage of Bauer’s is Hegel’s Phenomenology. As Hegel here puts self-consciousness in the place of man, the most varied human…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-marx/the-mystery-of-this-courage-of-bauer-s-is-hegel-s-phenomenology-as/) [Karl Marx](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/karl-marx/) > [“The fascist appeal to ‘human nature’ is to our passions, to our collectivist mystical needs, to ‘man the unknown’. Adopting Hegel’s words just quoted,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-r-popper/the-fascist-appeal-to-human-nature-is-to-our-passions-to-our/) [Karl R. Popper](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/karl-r-popper/) > [Fichte is a necessary step to both Hegel and Marx.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/allen-w-wood/fichte-is-a-necessary-step-to-both-hegel-and-marx/) [Allen W. Wood](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/allen-w-wood/) > [“Once the world of ideas has been transformed, reality cannot hold out for long. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/tom-holland/once-the-world-of-ideas-has-been-transformed-reality-cannot-hold-out/) [Tom Holland](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/tom-holland/) [Browse all 142 Hegel quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/hegel/) ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "Quotation", "text": "“Both Hegel and Marx believed that the evolution of human societies was not open-ended, but would end when mankind had achieved a form of society that satisfied its deepest and most fundamental longings. Both thinkers thus posited an \"end of history\": for Hegel this was the liberal state, while for Marx it was a communist society. This did not mean that the natural cycle of birth, life, and death would end, that important events would no longer happen, or that newspapers reporting them would cease to be published. 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