---
title: "Meaning & Key Takeaway of: Mathematics may be defined as the subject…"
description: "\"Mathematics may be defined as the subject in which we never know what we are talking about, nor whether what we are saying is true.\" — Bertrand Russell"
image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7d8/bertrand-russell-69_math_mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subjec_1807512.jpg"
---

#  Mathematics may be defined as the subject in which we…

![“Mathematics may be defined as the subject in which we never know what we are talking about, nor whether what we are saying is true.” quote by Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7d8/bertrand-russell-69_math_mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subjec_1807512.jpg)   [Download](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7d8/bertrand-russell-69_math_mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subjec_1807512.jpg) [Open image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7d8/bertrand-russell-69_math_mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subjec_1807512.jpg)

> “Mathematics may be defined as the subject in which we never know what we are talking about, nor whether what we are saying is true.”

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

## About This Quote

This interpretation was drafted with AI assistance. It is one reading of the quote, not the author's own explanation.

Mathematics is a discipline where certainty is elusive, and truth is often uncertain.

**In simple terms:** Math involves uncertain truths and unknowns.

Key Takeaway

Accept uncertainty as part of mathematical inquiry.

Themes

philosophy epistemology mathematics

Mood

thoughtful analytical

Type

philosophical educational

When to use this quote

- research
- teaching
- problem solving

Key Concepts

logic abstract reasoning foundations of knowledge

Questions to Reflect On

- What does uncertainty teach us about knowledge?
- How do you handle ambiguous results?

A Different Perspective

Complex proofs may never resolve definitively.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★   No ratings yet

[Defined](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/defined/) [Defined Subject](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/defined-subject-2085663/) [Math](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/math/) [Mathematics](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/mathematics/) [Mathematics Defined](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/mathematics-defined-236232/) [May](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/may/) [Saying](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/saying/) [Subject Know](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/subject-know-347368/) [Talking](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/talking/)

## Related quotes

> [Mathematics may be defined as the economy of counting. There is no problem in the whole of mathematics which cannot be solved by direct…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/ernst-mach/mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-economy-of-counting-there-is-no/)

[Ernst Mach](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/ernst-mach/)

> [Mathematics is often defined as the science of space and number . . . it was not until the recent resonance of computers and…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/lynn-steen/mathematics-is-often-defined-as-the-science-of-space-and-number-it/)

[Lynn Steen](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/lynn-steen/)

> [Pure mathematics consists entirely of assertions to the effect that, if such and such a proposition is true of anything, then suchand such another…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/pure-mathematics-consists-entirely-of-assertions-to-the-effect-that-2/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [“Pure mathematics consists entirely of assertions to the effect that, if such and such a proposition is true of anything, then such and such…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/pure-mathematics-consists-entirely-of-assertions-to-the-effect-that/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [“Darling' there're things I haven't told you yet either, just didn't know how to broach the subject. We can't know everything about each other…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/caroline-fyffe/darling-there-re-things-i-haven-t-told-you-yet-either-just-didn-t/)

[Caroline Fyffe](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/caroline-fyffe/)

> [Cooking is a subject you can never know enough about. There is always something new to discover.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bobby-flay/cooking-is-a-subject-you-can-never-know-enough-about-there-is-always/)

[Bobby Flay](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bobby-flay/)

> [Let’s not talk about how I am. It’s a subject I know too much about to want to think about anymore.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/ernest-hemingway/let-s-not-talk-about-how-i-am-it-s-a-subject-i-know-too-much-about-to/)

[Ernest Hemingway](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/ernest-hemingway/)

> [“Many introverts don't feel as if they know enough about a subject until they know almost everything.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/marti-olsen-laney/many-introverts-don-t-feel-as-if-they-know-enough-about-a-subject/)

[Marti Olsen Laney](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/marti-olsen-laney/)

> [“All too often I write to find out what I think about a subject, not because I already know.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/neil-gaiman/all-too-often-i-write-to-find-out-what-i-think-about-a-subject-not/)

[Neil Gaiman](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/neil-gaiman/)

> [“Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information upon it. When we enquire into…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/samuel-johnson/knowledge-is-of-two-kinds-we-know-a-subject-ourselves-or-we-know/)

[Samuel Johnson](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/samuel-johnson/)

> [There must be a subject to know the good and evil. Thatsubject is the ego.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/ramana-maharshi/there-must-be-a-subject-to-know-the-good-and-evil-thatsubject-is-the/)

[Ramana Maharshi](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/ramana-maharshi/)

> [“I paint myself because I am so often alone and because I am the subject I know best.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/frida-kahlo/i-paint-myself-because-i-am-so-often-alone-and-because-i-am-the/)

[Frida Kahlo](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/frida-kahlo/)

> [“I am my own muse. I am the subject I know best. The subject I want to know better.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/oroma-elewa/i-am-my-own-muse-i-am-the-subject-i-know-best-the-subject-i-want-to/)

[Oroma Elewa](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/oroma-elewa/)

> [With my students, I always have to sell my subject because I know when you're 19, 20 years old, you've got other things on…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/h-w-brands/with-my-students-i-always-have-to-sell-my-subject-because-i-know-when/)

[H. W. Brands](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/h-w-brands/)

> [Knowledge is of two kinds: we know a subject itself, or know where to find it.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/lyndon-b-johnson/knowledge-is-of-two-kinds-we-know-a-subject-itself-or-know-where-to/)

[Lyndon B. Johnson](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/lyndon-b-johnson/)

## More by Bertrand Russell

> [ If the State does not acquire supremacy over \[vast private\] enterprises, it becomes their puppet, and they become the real State. ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/if-the-state-does-not-acquire-supremacy-over-vast-private-enterprises/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [That the world is in a bad shape is undeniable, but there is not the faintest reason in history to suppose that Christianity offers…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/that-the-world-is-in-a-bad-shape-is-undeniable-but-there-is-not-the/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [All movements go too far.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/all-movements-go-too-far/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [Those who advocate common usage in philosophy sometimes speak in a manner that suggests the mystique of the 'common man.'](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/those-who-advocate-common-usage-in-philosophy-sometimes-speak-in-a/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [“Such, in outline, but even more purposeless, more void of meaning, is the world which Science presents for our belief. Amid such a world,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/such-in-outline-but-even-more-purposeless-more-void-of-meaning-is-the/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [Dr. Arnold . . . the admired reformer of public schools, came across some cranks who thought it a mistake to flog boys. Anyone…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/dr-arnold-the-admired-reformer-of-public-schools-came-across-some/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [Of all evils of war the greatest is the purely spiritual evil: the hatred, the injustice, the repudiation of truth, the artificial conflict.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/of-all-evils-of-war-the-greatest-is-the-purely-spiritual-evil-the/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [Aristotle maintained that women have fewer teeth than men; although he was twice married, it never occurred to him to verify this statement by…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/aristotle-maintained-that-women-have-fewer-teeth-than-men-although-he/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [If an opinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are subconsciously aware of having no good reason…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/if-an-opinion-contrary-to-your-own-makes-you-angry-that-is-a-sign/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [I cannot escape from the conclusion that the great ages of progress have depended upon a small number of individuals of transcendent ability.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/i-cannot-escape-from-the-conclusion-that-the-great-ages-of-progress/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [I think it would be just to say the most essential characteristic of mind is memory, using this word in its broadest sense to…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/i-think-it-would-be-just-to-say-the-most-essential-characteristic-of/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [The newspapers at one time said that I was dead but after carefully examining the evidence I came to the conclusion that this statement…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/the-newspapers-at-one-time-said-that-i-was-dead-but-after-carefully/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [“Persecution is used in theology, not in arithmetic, because in arithmetic there is knowledge, but in theology there is only opinion.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/persecution-is-used-in-theology-not-in-arithmetic-because-in/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [“Many orthodox people speak as though it were the business of sceptics to disprove received dogmas rather than of dogmatists to prove them. This…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/many-orthodox-people-speak-as-though-it-were-the-business-of-sceptics/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

> [There is no greater reason for children to honour parents than for parents to honour children except, that while the children are young, the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/there-is-no-greater-reason-for-children-to-honour-parents-than-for/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

[Explore all 1,620 Bertrand Russell quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

## More Defined quotes

> [Christianity was never meant to be defined by its disciplines, but by its passions.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bill-johnson/christianity-was-never-meant-to-be-defined-by-its-disciplines-but-by/)

[Bill Johnson](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bill-johnson/)

> [Jazz is not something that can be defined through blunt instruments. It is much more poetic than that.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/pat-metheny/jazz-is-not-something-that-can-be-defined-through-blunt-instruments/)

[Pat Metheny](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/pat-metheny/)

> [Among the many factors that make a return to halcyon days of the first decades of the postwar era virtually impossible is the decline…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-gilpin/among-the-many-factors-that-make-a-return-to-halcyon-days-of-the/)

[Robert Gilpin](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-gilpin/)

> [One of the noblest words in our language is "grace," defined as "unearned blessing." We live by grace far more than by anything else.…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/d-elton-trueblood/one-of-the-noblest-words-in-our-language-is-grace-defined-as-unearned/)

[D. Elton Trueblood](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/d-elton-trueblood/)

> [If it comes to a question of law, the charges they brought against me - the Espionage Act - is called the quintessential political…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/edward-snowden/if-it-comes-to-a-question-of-law-the-charges-they-brought-against-me/)

[Edward Snowden](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/edward-snowden/)

> [ The self is defined psychologically as the psychic totality of the individual. Anything that a \[person\] postulates as being a greater totality than \[oneself\]… ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/carl-jung/the-self-is-defined-psychologically-as-the-psychic-totality-of-the/)

[Carl Jung](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/carl-jung/)

> [Historically, usury was defined as any interest whatever on an unproductive loan.Our whole banking system I have ever abhorred, I continue to abhor, and…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-adams/historically-usury-was-defined-as-any-interest-whatever-on-an/)

[John Adams](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-adams/)

> [Marriage and the creation of families has been an integral part of our society since its creation; it should not be defined without the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-foster-bennett/marriage-and-the-creation-of-families-has-been-an-integral-part-of/)

[Robert Foster Bennett](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-foster-bennett/)

> [Before it can be solved, a problem must be clearly defined.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/william-feather/before-it-can-be-solved-a-problem-must-be-clearly-defined/)

[William Feather](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/william-feather/)

> [My life had been defined by the apartheid years. Now we were going into an era of democracy... and I believed that I didn't…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/athol-fugard/my-life-had-been-defined-by-the-apartheid-years-now-we-were-going/)

[Athol Fugard](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/athol-fugard/)

> [If you think about basic science or coming up with new theories of mathematics, these are not the kinds of things which are necessarily…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/peter-thiel/if-you-think-about-basic-science-or-coming-up-with-new-theories-of/)

[Peter Thiel](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/peter-thiel/)

> [Sometimes, I get afraid it has defined me, that sense of grief, loss and illness. But actually, it is about allowing myself to take…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/anonymous/sometimes-i-get-afraid-it-has-defined-me-that-sense-of-grief-loss-and/)

[Anonymous](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/anonymous/)

> [the most terribly human moments - the ones we want to pretend never happened - are the very moments that make us who we…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/jenny-lawson/the-most-terribly-human-moments-the-ones-we-want-to-pretend-never/)

[Jenny Lawson](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/jenny-lawson/)

> [“We don't have to be defined by the things we did or didn't do in our past.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/pittacus-lore/we-don-t-have-to-be-defined-by-the-things-we-did-or-didn-t-do-in-our/)

[Pittacus Lore](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/pittacus-lore/)

> [This strongly asserted but ill-defined license to kill without accountability is not an entitlement which the United States or other states can have without…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/philip-alston/this-strongly-asserted-but-ill-defined-license-to-kill-without/)

[Philip Alston](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/philip-alston/)

[Browse all 1,532 Defined quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/defined/)

```json
{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@graph": [
        {
            "@type": "Quotation",
            "text": "Mathematics may be defined as the subject in which we never know what we are talking about, nor whether what we are saying is true.",
            "creator": {
                "@type": "Person",
                "name": "Bertrand Russell"
            },
            "isPartOf": {
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#website"
            },
            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subject-in-which-we-never-know-what/",
            "about": {
                "@type": "Thing",
                "name": "Defined"
            },
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subject-in-which-we-never-know-what/#quotation",
            "image": {
                "@type": "ImageObject",
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7d8/bertrand-russell-69_math_mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subjec_1807512.jpg",
                "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7d8/bertrand-russell-69_math_mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subjec_1807512.jpg",
                "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7d8/bertrand-russell-69_math_mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subjec_1807512.jpg",
                "width": 1080,
                "height": 1080,
                "caption": "“Mathematics may be defined as the subject in which we never know what we are talking about, nor whether what…” — Bertrand Russell",
                "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                "creator": {
                    "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
            "itemListElement": [
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 1,
                    "name": "Home",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/"
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 2,
                    "name": "Quotes",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/"
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 3,
                    "name": "Bertrand Russell",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/"
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 4,
                    "name": "Mathematics may be defined as the...",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subject-in-which-we-never-know-what/"
                }
            ],
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/mathematics-may-be-defined-as-the-subject-in-which-we-never-know-what/#breadcrumb"
        },
        {
            "@type": "WebSite",
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#website",
            "name": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/",
            "publisher": {
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
            }
        },
        {
            "@type": "Organization",
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization",
            "name": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/",
            "logo": {
                "@type": "ImageObject",
                "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/themes/sq/assets/icons/icon-512.png",
                "width": 512,
                "height": 512
            }
        }
    ]
}
```
