---
title: "175 Gene Kim Quotes - (The Phoenix Project)"
description: "Gene Kim quotes about performance, visibility, and habits."
image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/uploads/sms4s/authors/processed/b001/author-gene-kim-2268.jpg"
---

![Portrait of Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/uploads/sms4s/authors/processed/b001/author-gene-kim-2268.jpg)

# Gene Kim

 **175** quotes in **141** categories

Gene Kim points out that companies that share a stock ticker grow faster than those that don’t. He says it helps to show how long work waits in a queue and to hold blameless reviews when things go wrong. He also notes that tiny daily habits build real mastery.

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Tripwire, Inc. is a software company based in Portland, Oregon, that focuses on security and compliance automation. It is a subsidiary of technology company Fortra.

## Quick Facts About Gene Kim

Notable works The Phoenix Project

## About Gene Kim

Tripwire, Inc. is a software company based in Portland, Oregon, that focuses on security and compliance automation. It is a subsidiary of technology company Fortra.

##  Quotes by Gene Kim

> [“failure results in reflection and genuine inquiry.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/failure-results-in-reflection-and-genuine-inquiry/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Authenticity](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/authenticity/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/1c8/gene-kim-2268_authenticity_failure-results-in-reflection-and-genuin_627463.jpg)

> [“Gatekeeper, the Facebook feature toggling service.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/gatekeeper-the-facebook-feature-toggling-service/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Twitter](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/twitter/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/944/gene-kim-2268_quote_gatekeeper-the-facebook-feature-toggling_1387092.jpg)

> [“We have even managed to turn into a Twitter trending topic. All”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/we-have-even-managed-to-turn-into-a-twitter-trending-topic-all/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Topic](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/topic/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fce/gene-kim-2268_quote_we-have-even-managed-to-turn-into-a-twit_914876.jpg)

> [“repetition creates habits, and habits are what enable mastery.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/repetition-creates-habits-and-habits-are-what-enable-mastery/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Habits](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f56/gene-kim-2268_habits_repetition-creates-habits-and-habits-are_2928301.jpg)

> [“habits are what enable mastery.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/habits-are-what-enable-mastery/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Enable](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/enable/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/885/gene-kim-2268_enable_habits-are-what-enable-mastery-278408_278408.jpg)

> [“When deciding whether a message should be ERROR or WARN, imagine being woken up at 4 a.m. Low printer toner is not…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/when-deciding-whether-a-message-should-be-error-or-warn-imagine-being/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Warn](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/warn/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/aa9/gene-kim-2268_warn_when-deciding-whether-a-message-should-b_2320021.jpg)

> [“Features are always a gamble. If you’re lucky, ten percent will get the desired benefits.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/features-are-always-a-gamble-if-you-re-lucky-ten-percent-will-get-the/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Gamble](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/gamble/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b0d/gene-kim-2268_gamble_features-are-always-a-gamble-if-you-re-l_286552.jpg)

> [To tell the truth is an act of love. To withhold the truth is an act of hate. Or worse, apathy.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/to-tell-the-truth-is-an-act-of-love-to-withhold-the-truth-is-an-act/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Acts of love](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/acts-of-love/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/02c/gene-kim-2268_acts-of-love_to-tell-the-truth-is-an-act-of-love-to-w_2887883.jpg)

> [The status quo (of development) pre-ordains failure from the very beginning.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/the-status-quo-of-development-pre-ordains-failure-from-the-very/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Development](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/development/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/23b/gene-kim-2268_development_the-status-quo-of-development-pre-ordain_308991.jpg)

> [“Ensure releases can always be performed during normal business hours with zero downtime.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/ensure-releases-can-always-be-performed-during-normal-business-hours/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Business](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/business/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ae8/gene-kim-2268_business_ensure-releases-can-always-be-performed_3235347.jpg)

> [“our most fragile artifacts support either our most important revenue-generating systems or our most critical projects. In”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/our-most-fragile-artifacts-support-either-our-most-important-revenue/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Artifacts](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/artifacts/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ab0/gene-kim-2268_artifacts_our-most-fragile-artifacts-support-eithe_2539816.jpg)

> [“we need to design our systems so that they are continually creating telemetry, widely”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/we-need-to-design-our-systems-so-that-they-are-continually-creating/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Telemetry](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/telemetry-595882/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b9d/gene-kim-2268_telemetry_we-need-to-design-our-systems-so-that-th_2459061.jpg)

> [“It is virtually impossible to make any business decision that doesn’t result in at least one IT change.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/it-is-virtually-impossible-to-make-any-business-decision-that-doesn-t/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Business](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/business/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/24d/gene-kim-2268_business_it-is-virtually-impossible-to-make-any-b_1937168.jpg)

> [“common practice of using rumor and hearsay, which can lead to the unfortunate metric of mean time until declared innocent—how quickly can…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/common-practice-of-using-rumor-and-hearsay-which-can-lead-to-the/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Hearsay](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/hearsay/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2d0/gene-kim-2268_time_common-practice-of-using-rumor-and-hears_1886651.jpg)

> [“We’re like the Bates Motel of changes,” I say in disbelief. “Changes go in but never come out. Within a month, we’ll…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/we-re-like-the-bates-motel-of-changes-i-say-in-disbelief-changes-go/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Change](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/change/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/538/gene-kim-2268_change_we-re-like-the-bates-motel-of-changes-i_2860185.jpg)

> [“When everyone is conditioned to believe that no isn’t an acceptable answer, we all just became compliant order takers, blindly marching down…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/when-everyone-is-conditioned-to-believe-that-no-isn-t-an-acceptable/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Blindly Marching](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/blindly-marching-3188145/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8ad/gene-kim-2268_blindly-marching_when-everyone-is-conditioned-to-believe_343645.jpg)

> [“One of the most important parts of any improvement initiative is to define a measurable goal with a clearly defined deadline, between…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/one-of-the-most-important-parts-of-any-improvement-initiative-is-to/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Goals](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/goals/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a24/gene-kim-2268_goals_one-of-the-most-important-parts-of-any-i_1558076.jpg)

> [“He sounded just like that dude from Pulp Fiction. He even quoted the line about the day of reckoning and striking people…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/he-sounded-just-like-that-dude-from-pulp-fiction-he-even-quoted-the/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Pulp fiction](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/pulp-fiction/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/841/gene-kim-2268_pulp-fiction_he-sounded-just-like-that-dude-from-pulp_3027457.jpg)

> [“telemetry is what enables us to assemble our best understanding of reality and detect when our understanding of reality is incorrect.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/telemetry-is-what-enables-us-to-assemble-our-best-understanding-of/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Learning](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/learning/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/485/gene-kim-2268_learning_telemetry-is-what-enables-us-to-assemble_3021502.jpg)

> [“You get what you design for. Chester, your peer in Development, is spending all his cycles on features, instead of stability, security,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/you-get-what-you-design-for-chester-your-peer-in-development-is/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Chester](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/chester/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/738/gene-kim-2268_cybersecurity_you-get-what-you-design-for-chester-your_1438821.jpg)

> [“a ‘change’ is any activity that is physical, logical, or virtual to applications, databases, operating systems, networks, or hardware that could impact…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/a-change-is-any-activity-that-is-physical-logical-or-virtual-to/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Change](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/change/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b53/gene-kim-2268_change_a-change-is-any-activity-that-is-physica_1692124.jpg)

> [“If you can’t out-experiment and beat your competitors in time to market and agility, you are sunk. Features are always a gamble.…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/if-you-can-t-out-experiment-and-beat-your-competitors-in-time-to/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Customer](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/customer/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7cd/gene-kim-2268_customer_if-you-can-t-out-experiment-and-beat-you_2393119.jpg)

> [“We cannot achieve deployments on demand if every code deployment requires two weeks to set up our test environments and data sets,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/we-cannot-achieve-deployments-on-demand-if-every-code-deployment/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Deployment](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/deployment/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/6d0/gene-kim-2268_programming_we-cannot-achieve-deployments-on-demand_2225396.jpg)

> [“In order to create fast and reliable flow from Dev to Ops, we must ensure that we always use production-like environments at…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/in-order-to-create-fast-and-reliable-flow-from-dev-to-ops-we-must/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Technology](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/technology/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4c2/gene-kim-2268_quote_in-order-to-create-fast-and-reliable-flo_1490273.jpg)

> [“Many psychologists assert that creating systems that cause feelings of powerlessness is one of the most damaging things we can do to…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/many-psychologists-assert-that-creating-systems-that-cause-feelings-2/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Fear](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/fear/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/0d9/gene-kim-2268_fear_many-psychologists-assert-that-creating_3155009.jpg)

> [“Integration problems result in a significant amount of rework to get back into a deployable state, including conflicting changes that must be…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/integration-problems-result-in-a-significant-amount-of-rework-to-get/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Programming](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/programming/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/5fd/gene-kim-2268_programming_integration-problems-result-in-a-signifi_401485.jpg)

> [“We cannot achieve deployments on-demand if we always have to wait weeks or months for production or test environments. The countermeasure is…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/we-cannot-achieve-deployments-on-demand-if-we-always-have-to-wait/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Deployments](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/deployments-45157/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/53b/gene-kim-2268_quote_we-cannot-achieve-deployments-on-demand_1382220.jpg)

> [“Brent. Brent, Brent, Brent! Can’t we do anything without him? Look at us! We’re trying to have a management discussion about commitments…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/brent-brent-brent-brent-can-t-we-do-anything-without-him-look-at-us/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Big problem](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/big-problem/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/bad/gene-kim-2268_big-problem_brent-brent-brent-brent-can-t-we-do-anyt_1039171.jpg)

> [“Life in IT is pretty shitty when it’s so misunderstood and mismanaged. It becomes thankless and frustrating as people realize that they…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/life-in-it-is-pretty-shitty-when-it-s-so-misunderstood-and-mismanaged/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Horror movie](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/horror-movie/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/000/gene-kim-2268_horror-movie_life-in-it-is-pretty-shitty-when-it-s-so_2459647.jpg)

> [“TRANSFORM LOCAL DISCOVERIES INTO GLOBAL IMPROVEMENTS When new learnings are discovered locally, there must also be some mechanism to enable the rest…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/transform-local-discoveries-into-global-improvements-when-new/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Collective knowledge](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/collective-knowledge/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/d18/gene-kim-2268_knowledge_transform-local-discoveries-into-global_742665.jpg)

> [“After a couple of tries, I end up with a graph that looks like this: I tell them what Erik told me…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/after-a-couple-of-tries-i-end-up-with-a-graph-that-looks-like-this-i/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Time](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/time/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/26d/gene-kim-2268_time_after-a-couple-of-tries-i-end-up-with-a_1194820.jpg)

> [“Contrast this to the more traditional model where Development and Test teams are assigned to a “project” and then reassigned to another…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/contrast-this-to-the-more-traditional-model-where-development-and/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Life](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/life/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b0c/gene-kim-2268_life_contrast-this-to-the-more-traditional-mo_1586030.jpg)

> [“When these accidents affect our customers, we seek to understand why it happened. The root cause is often deemed to be human…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/when-these-accidents-affect-our-customers-we-seek-to-understand-why/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Common man](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/common-man/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/5a0/gene-kim-2268_common-man_when-these-accidents-affect-our-customer_2672565.jpg)

> [“We will actively manage this technical debt by ensuring that we invest at least 20% of all Development and Operations cycles on…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/we-will-actively-manage-this-technical-debt-by-ensuring-that-we/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Software engineering](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/software-engineering/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/3bb/gene-kim-2268_software-engineering_we-will-actively-manage-this-technical-d_631175.jpg)

> [“Shaking his head, he continues, “It’s harder than ever to convince the business to do the right thing. They’re like kids in…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/shaking-his-head-he-continues-it-s-harder-than-ever-to-convince-the/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Business](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/business/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/766/gene-kim-2268_business_shaking-his-head-he-continues-it-s-harde_3082053.jpg)

> [“Myth—DevOps Means Eliminating IT Operations, or “NoOps”: Many misinterpret DevOps as the complete elimination of the IT Operations function. However, this is…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/myth-devops-means-eliminating-it-operations-or-noops-many/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Product development](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/product-development/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/33c/gene-kim-2268_product-development_myth-devops-means-eliminating-it-operati_1953874.jpg)

> [ “The deal \[between product owners and\] engineering goes like this: Product management takes 20% of the team’s capacity right off the top… ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/the-deal-between-product-owners-and-engineering-goes-like-this/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Management](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/management/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/06c/gene-kim-2268_management_the-deal-between-product-owners-and-engi_3202345.jpg)

> [“Small batch sizes result in less WIP, faster lead times, faster detection of errors, and less rework.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/small-batch-sizes-result-in-less-wip-faster-lead-times-faster/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Leadership](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/leadership/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/aef/gene-kim-2268_leadership_small-batch-sizes-result-in-less-wip-fas_1174732.jpg)

> [“There are newborn babies dropped off at church doorsteps with more operating instructions than what they’re giving us.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/there-are-newborn-babies-dropped-off-at-church-doorsteps-with-more/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Babies](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/babies/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b1b/gene-kim-2268_birth_there-are-newborn-babies-dropped-off-at_1776981.jpg)

> [“creating application and infrastructure telemetry to be one of the highest return investments we’ve made. In”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gene-kim/creating-application-and-infrastructure-telemetry-to-be-one-of-the/)

[Gene Kim](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gene-kim/)

[Investing](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/investing/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e53/gene-kim-2268_investing_creating-application-and-infrastructure_2374225.jpg)

## Gene Kim by topic

[Technology (23)](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/technology/gene-kim/) [Programming (18)](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/programming/gene-kim/) [Time (10)](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/time/gene-kim/) [Business (10)](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/business/gene-kim/)

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                        "text": "“You get what you design for. Chester, your peer in Development, is spending all his cycles on features, instead of stability, security, scalability, manageability, operability, continuity, and all those other beautiful ’itties.”",
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                        "text": "“a ‘change’ is any activity that is physical, logical, or virtual to applications, databases, operating systems, networks, or hardware that could impact services being delivered.”",
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                        "text": "“If you can’t out-experiment and beat your competitors in time to market and agility, you are sunk. Features are always a gamble. If you’re lucky, ten percent will get the desired benefits. So the faster you can get those features to market and test them, the better off you’ll be. Incidentally, you also pay back the business faster for the use of capital, which means the business starts making money faster, too.”",
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                        "text": "“We cannot achieve deployments on demand if every code deployment requires two weeks to set up our test environments and data sets, and another four weeks to manually execute all our regression tests. The countermeasure is to automate our tests so we can execute deployments safely and to parallelize them so the test rate can keep up with our code development rate.”",
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                        "text": "“In order to create fast and reliable flow from Dev to Ops, we must ensure that we always use production-like environments at every stage of the value stream. Furthermore, these environments must be created in an automated manner, ideally on demand from scripts and configuration information stored in version control and entirely self-serviced, without any manual work required from Operations. Our goal is to ensure that we can re-create the entire production environment based on what’s in version control.”",
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                        "text": "“Many psychologists assert that creating systems that cause feelings of powerlessness is one of the most damaging things we can do to fellow human beings—we deprive other people of their ability to control their own outcomes and even create a culture where people are afraid to do the right thing because of fear of punishment, failure, or jeopardizing their livelihood. This”",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Integration problems result in a significant amount of rework to get back into a deployable state, including conflicting changes that must be manually merged or merges that break our automated or manual tests, usually requiring multiple developers to successfully resolve.”",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“We cannot achieve deployments on-demand if we always have to wait weeks or months for production or test environments. The countermeasure is to create environments that are on demand and completely self-serviced, so that they are always available when we need them.”",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Brent. Brent, Brent, Brent! Can’t we do anything without him? Look at us! We’re trying to have a management discussion about commitments and resources, and all we do is talk about one guy! I don’t care how talented he is. If you’re telling me that our organization can’t do anything without him, we’ve got a big problem.” Wes”",
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                        "text": "“Life in IT is pretty shitty when it’s so misunderstood and mismanaged. It becomes thankless and frustrating as people realize that they are powerless to change the outcome, like an endlessly repeating horror movie. If that’s not damaging to our self-worth as human beings, I don’t know what is. That’s got to change,”",
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                        "text": "“TRANSFORM LOCAL DISCOVERIES INTO GLOBAL IMPROVEMENTS When new learnings are discovered locally, there must also be some mechanism to enable the rest of the organization to use and benefit from that knowledge. In other words, when teams or individuals have experiences that create expertise, our goal is to convert that tacit knowledge (i.e., knowledge that is difficult to transfer to another person by means of writing it down or verbalizing) into explicit, codified knowledge, which becomes someone else’s expertise through practice. This ensures that when anyone else does similar work, they do so with the cumulative and collective experience of everyone in the organization who has ever done the same work. A remarkable example of turning local knowledge into global knowledge is the US Navy’s Nuclear Power Propulsion Program (also known as “NR” for “Naval Reactors”), which has over 5,700 reactor-years of operation without a single reactor-related casualty or escape of radiation. The NR is known for their intense commitment to scripted procedures and standardized work and the need for incident reports for any departure from procedure or normal operations to accumulate learnings, no matter how minor the failure signal—they constantly update procedures and system designs based on these learnings. The result is that when a new crew sets out to sea on their first deployment, they and their officers benefit from the collective knowledge of 5,700 accident-free reactor-years. Equally impressive is that their own experiences at sea will be added to this collective knowledge, helping future crews safely achieve their own missions.”",
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                        "text": "“After a couple of tries, I end up with a graph that looks like this: I tell them what Erik told me at MRP-8, about how wait times depend upon resource utilization. “The wait time is the ‘percentage of time busy’ divided by the ‘percentage of time idle.’ In other words, if a resource is fifty percent busy, then it’s fifty percent idle. The wait time is fifty percent divided by fifty percent, so one unit of time. Let’s call it one hour. So, on average, our task would wait in the queue for one hour before it gets worked. “On the other hand, if a resource is ninety percent busy, the wait time is ‘ninety percent divided by ten percent’, or nine hours. In”",
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                        "text": "“Contrast this to the more traditional model where Development and Test teams are assigned to a “project” and then reassigned to another project as soon as the project is completed and funding runs out. This leads to all sorts of undesired outcomes, including developers being unable to see the long-term consequences of decisions they make (a form of feedback) and a funding model that only values and pays for the earliest stages of the software life cycle—which, tragically, is also the least expensive part for successful products or services. ††”",
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                        "text": "“When these accidents affect our customers, we seek to understand why it happened. The root cause is often deemed to be human error, and the all too common management response is to “name, blame, and shame” the person who caused the problem.† And, either subtly or explicitly, management hints that the person guilty of committing the error will be punished. They then create more processes and approvals to prevent the error from happening again. Dr. Sidney Dekker, who codified some of the key elements of safety culture and coined the term just culture, wrote, “Responses to incidents and accidents that are seen as unjust can impede safety investigations, promote fear rather than mindfulness in people who do safety-critical work, make organizations more bureaucratic rather than more careful, and cultivate professional secrecy, evasion, and self-protection.” These issues are especially problematic in the technology value stream—our work is almost always performed within a complex system, and how management chooses to react to failures and accidents leads to a culture of fear, which then makes it unlikely that problems and failure signals are ever reported. The result is that problems remain hidden until a catastrophe occurs.”",
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                        "text": "“We will actively manage this technical debt by ensuring that we invest at least 20% of all Development and Operations cycles on refactoring, investing in automation work and architecture and non-functional requirements (NFRs, sometimes referred to as the “ilities”), such as maintainability, manageability, scalability, reliability, testability, deployability, and security. Figure 11: Invest 20% of cycles on those that create positive, user-invisible value (Source: “Machine Learning and Technical Debt with D. Sculley,” Software Engineering Daily podcast, November 17, 2015,”",
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                        "text": "“Shaking his head, he continues, “It’s harder than ever to convince the business to do the right thing. They’re like kids in a candy store. They read in an airline magazine that they can manage their whole supply chain in the cloud for $499 per year, and suddenly that’s the main company initiative. When we tell them it’s not actually that easy, and show them what it takes to do it right, they disappear. Where did they go? They’re talking to their Cousin Vinnie or some outsourcing sales guy who promises they can do it in a tenth of the time and cost.” I laugh. “A couple of years ago, someone in Marketing asked my group to support a database reporting tool that one of their summer interns wrote. It was actually pretty brilliant, given that she only had a couple of months to work on it, and then it started being used in daily operations. How in the hell do you support and secure something that’s written in Microsoft Access? When the auditors found out that we couldn’t secure access to all the data, we spent weeks cobbling together something that satisfied them. “It’s like the free puppy,” I continue. “It’s not the upfront capital that kills you, it’s the operations and maintenance on the back end.”",
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                        "text": "“Myth—DevOps Means Eliminating IT Operations, or “NoOps”: Many misinterpret DevOps as the complete elimination of the IT Operations function. However, this is rarely the case. While the nature of IT Operations work may change, it remains as important as ever. IT Operations collaborates far earlier in the software life cycle with Development, who continues to work with IT Operations long after the code has been deployed into production. Instead of IT Operations doing manual work that comes from work tickets, it enables developer productivity through APIs and self-serviced platforms that create environments, test and deploy code, monitor and display production telemetry, and so forth. By doing this, IT Operations become more like Development (as do QA and Infosec), engaged in product development, where the product is the platform that developers use to safely, quickly, and securely test, deploy, and run their IT services in production.”",
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                        "text": "“The deal [between product owners and] engineering goes like this: Product management takes 20% of the team’s capacity right off the top and gives this to engineering to spend as they see fit. They might use it to rewrite, re-architect, or re-factor problematic parts of the code base...whatever they believe is necessary to avoid ever having to come to the team and say, ‘we need to stop and rewrite [all our code].’ If you’re in really bad shape today, you might need to make this 30% or even more of the resources. However, I get nervous when I find teams”",
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