---
title: "56 Refutation Quotes by 50 authors"
description: "Browse 56 Refutation quotes by 50 authors. Discover the best Refutation sayings and thoughts."
image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/334/martin-amis-704_air_the-air-itself-was-ebony-like-the-denial_142032.jpg"
---

> [The air itself was ebony, like the denial, the refutation, of the idea of light.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/martin-amis/the-air-itself-was-ebony-like-the-denial-the-refutation-of-the-idea/)

[Martin Amis](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/martin-amis/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/334/martin-amis-704_air_the-air-itself-was-ebony-like-the-denial_142032.jpg)

> [“Killing is the ultimate refutation of our own humanity.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/kevin-sites/killing-is-the-ultimate-refutation-of-our-own-humanity/)

[Kevin Sites](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/kevin-sites/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/c2d/kevin-sites-71435_ptsd_killing-is-the-ultimate-refutation-of-ou_904367.jpg)

> [An alternate explanation is not a refutation.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/greg-koukl/an-alternate-explanation-is-not-a-refutation/)

[Greg Koukl](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/greg-koukl/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/886/greg-koukl-12385_alternate_an-alternate-explanation-is-not-a-refuta_1341232.png)

> [Sleaze is a point by point refutation of elegance.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mason-cooley/sleaze-is-a-point-by-point-refutation-of-elegance/)

[Mason Cooley](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mason-cooley/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/0b1/mason-cooley-92_beauty_sleaze-is-a-point-by-point-refutation-of_3108994.png)

> [It was one thing to have guessed it, another to have had that guess confirmed beyond possibility of refutation.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/arthur-c-clarke/it-was-one-thing-to-have-guessed-it-another-to-have-had-that-guess/)

[Arthur C. Clarke](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/arthur-c-clarke/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e2f/arthur-c-clarke-640_inspirational_it-was-one-thing-to-have-guessed-it-anot_3189520.jpg)

> [I write plays because writing dialogue is the only respectable way of contradicting yourself. I put a position, rebut it, refute the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/tom-stoppard/i-write-plays-because-writing-dialogue-is-the-only-respectable-way-of/)

[Tom Stoppard](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/tom-stoppard/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/bf1/tom-stoppard-437_communication_i-write-plays-because-writing-dialogue-i_2713922.png)

> [Contend not in wisdom with a fool, for thy sense maketh much of his conceit; And some errors never would have thriven,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/martin-farquhar-tupper/contend-not-in-wisdom-with-a-fool-for-thy-sense-maketh-much-of-his/)

[Martin Farquhar Tupper](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/martin-farquhar-tupper/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ec5/martin-farquhar-tupper-4080_conceit_contend-not-in-wisdom-with-a-fool-for-th_1798917.jpg)

> [There is no idea that does not carry in itself a possible refutation, no word that does not imply its opposite.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/marcel-proust/there-is-no-idea-that-does-not-carry-in-itself-a-possible-refutation/)

[Marcel Proust](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/marcel-proust/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/0a1/marcel-proust-114_doe_there-is-no-idea-that-does-not-carry-in_946427.jpg)

> [I'm the kind of person who embarks on an endless leapfrog down the great moral issues. I put a position, rebut it,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/tom-stoppard/i-m-the-kind-of-person-who-embarks-on-an-endless-leapfrog-down-the/)

[Tom Stoppard](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/tom-stoppard/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/cd9/tom-stoppard-437_endless_i-m-the-kind-of-person-who-embarks-on-an_2515961.png)

> [Yet again, unscientific claims were being circulated broadly, but the scientists' refutation of them was published where only fellow scientists would see…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/naomi-oreskes/yet-again-unscientific-claims-were-being-circulated-broadly-but-the/)

[Naomi Oreskes](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/naomi-oreskes/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b42/naomi-oreskes-16659_claims_yet-again-unscientific-claims-were-being_573052.jpg)

> [ “\[F\]or all refutation must begin with some piece of knowledge which the disputants share; from blank doubt, no argument can begin.” ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/bertrand-russell/f-or-all-refutation-must-begin-with-some-piece-of-knowledge-which-the/)

[Bertrand Russell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/bertrand-russell/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/3f0/bertrand-russell-69_quote_f-or-all-refutation-must-begin-with-some_2103309.jpg)

> [I'm not quite pompous enough to think of myself as an educator or a man capable of definitive refutation of falsehoods.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-shirley/i-m-not-quite-pompous-enough-to-think-of-myself-as-an-educator-or-a/)

[John Shirley](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-shirley/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/d9f/john-shirley-22620_capable_i-m-not-quite-pompous-enough-to-think-of_1004387.jpg)

> [It is clear that men accept an immediate pain rather than an immediate pleasure, but only because they expect a greater pleasure…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/w-somerset-maugham/it-is-clear-that-men-accept-an-immediate-pain-rather-than-an-2/)

[W. Somerset Maugham](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/w-somerset-maugham/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/5ab/w-somerset-maugham-237_accepting_it-is-clear-that-men-accept-an-immediate_3124325.jpg)

> [The Americans are the living refutation of the Cartesian axiom, "I think, therefore I am": Americans do not think, yet they are.…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/julius-evola/the-americans-are-the-living-refutation-of-the-cartesian-axiom-i/)

[Julius Evola](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/julius-evola/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/16d/julius-evola-9718_axioms_the-americans-are-the-living-refutation_1947606.jpg)

> [If we are uncritical we shall always find what we want: we shall look for, and find, confirmations, and we shall look…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-popper/if-we-are-uncritical-we-shall-always-find-what-we-want-we-shall-look/)

[Karl Popper](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/karl-popper/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/710/karl-popper-2167_confirmation_if-we-are-uncritical-we-shall-always-fin_1183191.jpg)

> [Nature has the deep cunning which hides itself under the appearance of openness, so that simple people think they can see through…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/george-eliot/nature-has-the-deep-cunning-which-hides-itself-under-the-appearance/)

[George Eliot](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/george-eliot/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/030/george-eliot-84_appearance_nature-has-the-deep-cunning-which-hides_2235669.png)

> [ It will be the mistake of your life if you go into print in your own defence \[sic\]. Your denial will reach… ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/susan-b-anthony/it-will-be-the-mistake-of-your-life-if-you-go-into-print-in-your-own/)

[Susan B. Anthony](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/susan-b-anthony/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/286/susan-b-anthony-2103_defence_it-will-be-the-mistake-of-your-life-if-y_1588609.jpg)

> [Bold ideas, unjustified anticipations, and speculative thought, are our only means for interpreting nature: our only organon, our only instrument, for grasping…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-popper/bold-ideas-unjustified-anticipations-and-speculative-thought-are-our/)

[Karl Popper](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/karl-popper/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/199/karl-popper-2167_anticipation_bold-ideas-unjustified-anticipations-and_93820.jpg)

> [The economic and social theories used by those who take part in the social struggle ought to be judged not by their…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/vilfredo-pareto/the-economic-and-social-theories-used-by-those-who-take-part-in-the/)

[Vilfredo Pareto](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/vilfredo-pareto/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a17/vilfredo-pareto-22240_economic_the-economic-and-social-theories-used-by_2588729.png)

> [“There is the greatest difference between presuming an opinion to be true, because, with every opportunity for contesting it, it has not…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-stuart-mill/there-is-the-greatest-difference-between-presuming-an-opinion-to-be/)

[John Stuart Mill](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-stuart-mill/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/bf6/john-stuart-mill-477_assuming_there-is-the-greatest-difference-between_1800832.png)

> [...the Muslims of recent times had fallen very short indeed of the ideals of their faith, ...nothing could be more erroneous than…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/muhammad-asad/the-muslims-of-recent-times-had-fallen-very-short-indeed-of-the/)

[Muhammad Asad](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/muhammad-asad/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b55/muhammad-asad-21900_als_the-muslims-of-recent-times-had-fallen-v_2921093.jpg)

> [Maybe I'm being a bit harsh on philosophers, but they have not been very kind to me... I have been variously called…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/stephen-hawking/maybe-i-m-being-a-bit-harsh-on-philosophers-but-they-have-not-been/)

[Stephen Hawking](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/stephen-hawking/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/860/stephen-hawking-389_approach_maybe-i-m-being-a-bit-harsh-on-philosoph_708178.jpg)

> [Women have been driven mad, “gaslighted”, for centuries by the refutation of our experience and our instincts in a culture which validates…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/adrienne-rich/women-have-been-driven-mad-gaslighted-for-centuries-by-the-refutation-2/)

[Adrienne Rich](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/adrienne-rich/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/bdd/adrienne-rich-803_body_women-have-been-driven-mad-gaslighted-fo_1107936.jpg)

> [“The discovery of instances which confirm a theory means very little if we have not tried, and failed, to discover refutations. For…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/karl-popper/the-discovery-of-instances-which-confirm-a-theory-means-very-little/)

[Karl Popper](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/karl-popper/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/d65/karl-popper-2167_bias_the-discovery-of-instances-which-confirm_2042151.jpg)

> [I believe that the time given to refutation in philosophy is usually time lost. Of the many attacks directed by many thinkers…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/henri-bergson/i-believe-that-the-time-given-to-refutation-in-philosophy-is-usually/)

[Henri Bergson](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/henri-bergson/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7ed/henri-bergson-7179_able_i-believe-that-the-time-given-to-refutat_2459547.jpg)

> [Robert Frost says in a piece of homely doggerel that he has hoped wisdom could be not only Attic but Laconic, Boeotian…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/randall-jarrell/robert-frost-says-in-a-piece-of-homely-doggerel-that-he-has-hoped/)

[Randall Jarrell](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/randall-jarrell/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4ae/randall-jarrell-3811_able_robert-frost-says-in-a-piece-of-homely-d_469662.jpg)

> [The statesmen will invent cheap lies, putting the blame upon the nation that is attacked, and every man will be glad of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mark-twain/the-statesmen-will-invent-cheap-lies-putting-the-blame-upon-the/)

[Mark Twain](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/mark-twain/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e30/mark-twain-22_antiwar_the-statesmen-will-invent-cheap-lies-put_41128.png)

> [Historical refutation as the definitive refutation.- In former times, one sought to prove that there is no God - today one indicates…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/friedrich-nietzsche/historical-refutation-as-the-definitive-refutation-in-former-times/)

[Friedrich Nietzsche](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/friedrich-nietzsche/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/dd6/friedrich-nietzsche-15_atheism_historical-refutation-as-the-definitive_355880.jpg)

> [“There is, in Dr. Tillotson’s writings, an argument against the real presence, which is as concise, and elegant, and strong as any…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/christopher-hitchens/there-is-in-dr-tillotson-s-writings-an-argument-against-the-real/)

[Christopher Hitchens](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/christopher-hitchens/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/33f/christopher-hitchens-117_bible_there-is-in-dr-tillotson-s-writings-an-a_3154287.jpg)

> [“Refutations of the views of inherently existent production are not just refutations of rival systems but should be taken as a branch…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/jeffrey-hopkins/refutations-of-the-views-of-inherently-existent-production-are-not/)

[Jeffrey Hopkins](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/jeffrey-hopkins/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/845/jeffrey-hopkins-77865_buddhism_refutations-of-the-views-of-inherently-e_1202331.jpg)

> [A hypothesis is something which looks as if it might be true and were true, and which is capable of verification or…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/charles-sanders-peirce/a-hypothesis-is-something-which-looks-as-if-it-might-be-true-and-were/)

[Charles Sanders Peirce](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/charles-sanders-peirce/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/d41/charles-sanders-peirce-5105_being-true_a-hypothesis-is-something-which-looks-as_500341.jpg)

> [The refutation of suicide: is it not inelegant to abandon a world which has so willingly put itself at the service of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/emile-m-cioran/the-refutation-of-suicide-is-it-not-inelegant-to-abandon-a-world/)

[Emile M. Cioran](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/emile-m-cioran/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/56a/emile-m-cioran-1211_abandon_the-refutation-of-suicide-is-it-not-inel_341354.jpg)

> [There is no refutation of Darwinian evolution in existence. If a refutation ever were to come about, it would come from a…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/richard-dawkins/there-is-no-refutation-of-darwinian-evolution-in-existence-if-a/)

[Richard Dawkins](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/richard-dawkins/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fc0/richard-dawkins-115_about_there-is-no-refutation-of-darwinian-evol_1617856.jpg)

> [The notion that faith in Christ is to be rewarded by an eternity of bliss, while a dependence upon reason, observation, and…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/anonymous/the-notion-that-faith-in-christ-is-to-be-rewarded-by-an-eternity-of/)

[Anonymous](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/anonymous/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b7f/anonymous-1_absurd_the-notion-that-faith-in-christ-is-to-be_2918874.jpg)

> [Some volumes against Deism fell into my hands ... they produced an effect precisely the reverse to what was intended by the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/benjamin-franklin/some-volumes-against-deism-fell-into-my-hands-they-produced-an-effect/)

[Benjamin Franklin](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/benjamin-franklin/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e1e/benjamin-franklin-65_argument_some-volumes-against-deism-fell-into-my_2114190.jpg)

> [Mathematics does not grow through a monotonous increase of the number of indubitably established theorems but through the incessant improvement of guesses…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/imre-lakatos/mathematics-does-not-grow-through-a-monotonous-increase-of-the-number/)

[Imre Lakatos](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/imre-lakatos/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ee4/imre-lakatos-23759_criticism_mathematics-does-not-grow-through-a-mono_145467.png)

> [Philosophy itself cannot but benefit from our disputes, for if our conceptions prove true, new achievements will be made; if false, their…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/galileo-galilei/philosophy-itself-cannot-but-benefit-from-our-disputes-for-if-our/)

[Galileo Galilei](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/galileo-galilei/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/216/galileo-galilei-2377_achievement_philosophy-itself-cannot-but-benefit-fro_1033227.png)

> [The risk for a woman who considers her helpless children her "job" is that the children's growth toward self-sufficiency may be experienced…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/letty-cottin-pogrebin/the-risk-for-a-woman-who-considers-her-helpless-children-her-job-is/)

[Letty Cottin Pogrebin](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/letty-cottin-pogrebin/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/5f6/letty-cottin-pogrebin-12221_children_the-risk-for-a-woman-who-considers-her-h_3012793.png)

> [All scientists know of colleagues whose minds are so well equipped with the means of refutation that no new idea has the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/peter-medawar/all-scientists-know-of-colleagues-whose-minds-are-so-well-equipped/)

[Peter Medawar](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/peter-medawar/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/946/peter-medawar-9996_admittance_all-scientists-know-of-colleagues-whose_1207169.jpg)

> [“The refutation and remedy of errors cannot precede their rise; and thus the fact of false developments or corruptions involves the correspondent…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-henry-newman/the-refutation-and-remedy-of-errors-cannot-precede-their-rise-and/)

[John Henry Newman](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-henry-newman/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/259/john-henry-newman-2366_corruption_the-refutation-and-remedy-of-errors-cann_748856.jpg)

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                        "text": "The Americans are the living refutation of the Cartesian axiom, \"I think, therefore I am\": Americans do not think, yet they are. The American 'mind,' puerile and primitive, lacks characteristic form and is therefore open to every kind of standardization.",
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                        "text": "The economic and social theories used by those who take part in the social struggle ought to be judged not by their objective value but primarily for their effectiveness in arousing emotions. The scientific refutation of them which can be made is useless, however correct it may be objectively.",
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                            "caption": "“The economic and social theories used by those who take part in the social struggle ought to be judged not…” — Vilfredo Pareto",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“There is the greatest difference between presuming an opinion to be true, because, with every opportunity for contesting it, it has not been refuted, and assuming its truth for the purpose of not permitting its refutation.”",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "John Stuart Mill"
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                            "caption": "“There is the greatest difference between presuming an opinion to be true, because, with every opportunity…” — John Stuart Mill",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "...the Muslims of recent times had fallen very short indeed of the ideals of their faith, ...nothing could be more erroneous than to measure the potentialities of Muhammad's message by the yardstick of present-day Muslim life and thought - just as he [Shaykh Mustafa al-Maraghi] said, 'it would be erroneous to see in the Christians' unloving behavior toward one another a refutation of Christ's message of love...'",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Muhammad Asad"
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                            "caption": "“...the Muslims of recent times had fallen very short indeed of the ideals of their faith, ...nothing could…” — Muhammad Asad",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "Maybe I'm being a bit harsh on philosophers, but they have not been very kind to me... I have been variously called nominalist, an instrumentalist, a positivist, a realist, and several other ists. The technique seems refutation by denigration: If you can attach a label to my approach, you don't have to say what is wrong with it... I am sure that Einstein, Heisenberg and Dirac didn't worry about whether they were realists or instrumentalists.",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Stephen Hawking"
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                            "caption": "“Maybe I'm being a bit harsh on philosophers, but they have not been very kind to me... I have been variously…” — Stephen Hawking",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "Women have been driven mad, “gaslighted”, for centuries by the refutation of our experience and our instincts in a culture which validates only male experience. The truth of our bodies and our minds has been mystified to us. We therefore have primary obligation to each other: not to undermine each other’s sense of reality for the sake of expediency; not to gaslight each other.",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Adrienne Rich"
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                            "caption": "“Women have been driven mad, “gaslighted”, for centuries by the refutation of our experience and our…” — Adrienne Rich",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“The discovery of instances which confirm a theory means very little if we have not tried, and failed, to discover refutations. For if we are uncritical we shall always find what we want: we shall look for, and find, confirmation, and we shall look away from, and not see, whatever might be dangerous to our pet theories. In this way it is only too easy to obtain what appears to be overwhelming evidence in favour of a theory which, if approached critically, would have been refuted.”",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Karl Popper"
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "I believe that the time given to refutation in philosophy is usually time lost. Of the many attacks directed by many thinkers against each other, what now remains? Nothing, or assuredly very little. That which counts and endures is the modicum of positive truth which each contributes. The true statement is, of itself, able to displace the erroneous idea, and becomes, without our having taken the trouble of refuting anyone, the best of refutations.",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Henri Bergson"
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                            "caption": "“I believe that the time given to refutation in philosophy is usually time lost. Of the many attacks directed…” — Henri Bergson",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "Robert Frost says in a piece of homely doggerel that he has hoped wisdom could be not only Attic but Laconic, Boeotian even - \"at least not systematic\"; but how systematically Frostian the worst of his later poems are! His good poems are the best refutation of, the most damning comment on, his bad: his Complete Poems have the air of being able to educate any faithful reader into tearing out a third of the pages, reading a third, and practically wearing out the rest.",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Randall Jarrell"
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                            "caption": "“Robert Frost says in a piece of homely doggerel that he has hoped wisdom could be not only Attic but…” — Randall Jarrell",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "The statesmen will invent cheap lies, putting the blame upon the nation that is attacked, and every man will be glad of those conscience-soothing falsities, and will diligently study them, and refuse to examine any refutations of them; and thus he will by and by convince himself that the war is just, and will thank God for the better sleep he enjoys after this process of grotesque self-deception.",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Mark Twain"
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                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mark-twain/the-statesmen-will-invent-cheap-lies-putting-the-blame-upon-the/",
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                            "caption": "“The statesmen will invent cheap lies, putting the blame upon the nation that is attacked, and every man will…” — Mark Twain",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "Historical refutation as the definitive refutation.- In former times, one sought to prove that there is no God - today one indicates how the belief that there is a God arose and how this belief acquired its weight and importance: a counter-proof that there is no God thereby becomes superfluous.- When in former times one had refuted the 'proofs of the existence of God' put forward, there always remained the doubt whether better proofs might not be adduced than those just refuted: in those days atheists did not know how to make a clean sweep.",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Friedrich Nietzsche"
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                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/friedrich-nietzsche/historical-refutation-as-the-definitive-refutation-in-former-times/",
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                            "caption": "“Historical refutation as the definitive refutation.- In former times, one sought to prove that there is no…” — Friedrich Nietzsche",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“There is, in Dr. Tillotson’s writings, an argument against the real presence, which is as concise, and elegant, and strong as any argument can possibly be supposed against a doctrine, so little worthy of a serious refutation. It is acknowledged on all hands, says that learned prelate, that the authority, either of the scripture or of tradition, is founded merely in the testimony of the Apostles, who were eyewitnesses to those miracles of our Saviour, by which he proved his divine mission. Our evidence, then, for the truth of the Christian religion is less than the evidence for the truth of our senses; because, even in the first authors of our religion, it was no greater; and it is evident it must diminish in passing from them to their disciples; nor can any one rest such confidence in their testimony, as in the immediate object of his senses. But a weaker evidence can never destroy a stronger; and therefore, were the doctrine of the real presence ever so clearly revealed in scripture, it were directly contrary to the rules of just reasoning to give our assent to it. It contradicts sense, though both the scripture and tradition, on which it is supposed to be built, carry not such evidence with them as sense; when they are considered merely as external evidences, and are not brought home to every one’s breast, by the immediate operation of the Holy Spirit.”",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Christopher Hitchens"
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                            "caption": "“There is, in Dr. Tillotson’s writings, an argument against the real presence, which is as concise, and…” — Christopher Hitchens",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Refutations of the views of inherently existent production are not just refutations of rival systems but should be taken as a branch of the process of overcoming one's own innate sense that things are inherently produced. The innate non-analytical intellect does not conceive cause and effect to be either the same, or inherently different, or both, or neither; however, if the objects that the intellect misconceives as inherently existent did in fact inherently exist, they would necessarily exist in one of these four ways. Thus, through eliminating these four possibilities, the inherently existent products that are the objects of this innate ignorance are shown to be non-existent. By attacking in this way the falsely conceived object, the falsely conceiving subject is gradually overcome. The false subject is removed by overcoming belief in the false object.”",
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                            "name": "Jeffrey Hopkins"
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                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/jeffrey-hopkins/refutations-of-the-views-of-inherently-existent-production-are-not/",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "A hypothesis is something which looks as if it might be true and were true, and which is capable of verification or refutation by comparison with facts.",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Charles Sanders Peirce"
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                            "caption": "“A hypothesis is something which looks as if it might be true and were true, and which is capable of…” — Charles Sanders Peirce",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "The refutation of suicide: is it not inelegant to abandon a world which has so willingly put itself at the service of our melancholy?",
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                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Emile M. Cioran"
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                            "caption": "“The refutation of suicide: is it not inelegant to abandon a world which has so willingly put itself at the…” — Emile M. Cioran",
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                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "There is no refutation of Darwinian evolution in existence. If a refutation ever were to come about, it would come from a scientist, and not an idiot.",
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                            "name": "Richard Dawkins"
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                            "caption": "“There is no refutation of Darwinian evolution in existence. If a refutation ever were to come about, it…” — Richard Dawkins",
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                        "text": "The notion that faith in Christ is to be rewarded by an eternity of bliss, while a dependence upon reason, observation, and experience merits everlasting pain, is too absurd for refutation, and can be believed only by that unhappy mixture of insanity and ignorance, called faith.",
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