---
title: "25 Jean-jacques Rousseau Quotes by 22 authors"
description: "Browse 25 Jean-jacques Rousseau quotes by 22 authors. Discover the best Jean-jacques Rousseau sayings and thoughts."
image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b0c/jean-jacques-rousseau-418_good-love_to-write-a-good-love-letter-you-ought-to_2903846.png"
---

> [To write a good love letter, you ought to begin without knowing what you mean to say, and to finish without knowing…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/jean-jacques-rousseau/to-write-a-good-love-letter-you-ought-to-begin-without-knowing-what-2/)

[Jean-Jacques Rousseau](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/jean-jacques-rousseau/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b0c/jean-jacques-rousseau-418_good-love_to-write-a-good-love-letter-you-ought-to_2903846.png)

> [The only dance masters I could have were Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Walt Whitman and Nietzsche.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/isadora-duncan/the-only-dance-masters-i-could-have-were-jean-jacques-rousseau-walt/)

[Isadora Duncan](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/isadora-duncan/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/955/isadora-duncan-7255_dance_the-only-dance-masters-i-could-have-were_189737.jpg)

> [“When I stay in one Place, I can hardly think at all; my body had to be on the move to set…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/rousseau/when-i-stay-in-one-place-i-can-hardly-think-at-all-my-body-had-to-be/)

[ROUSSEAU](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/rousseau/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/342/rousseau-55321_creativity_when-i-stay-in-one-place-i-can-hardly-th_1738923.jpg)

> [Abstract ideas like equality and liberty have a spurious transparency, and can be used to derive pleasing theorems in the manner of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/roger-scruton/abstract-ideas-like-equality-and-liberty-have-a-spurious-transparency/)

[Roger Scruton](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/roger-scruton/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/592/roger-scruton-971_equality_abstract-ideas-like-equality-and-liberty_549355.jpg)

> [“The inquiry begins with Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–78), who was the first of the modern intellectuals, their archetype and in many ways the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/paul-johnson/the-inquiry-begins-with-jean-jacques-rousseau-1712-78-who-was-the/)

[Paul Johnson](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/paul-johnson/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/c39/paul-johnson-4585_jacques-rousseau_the-inquiry-begins-with-jean-jacques-rou_1944304.png)

> [ “The thirst after happiness is never extinguished in the heart of \[woman\]. —JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU” ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/sarah-ban-breathnach/the-thirst-after-happiness-is-never-extinguished-in-the-heart-of/)

[Sarah Ban Breathnach](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/sarah-ban-breathnach/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/829/sarah-ban-breathnach-833_happiness_the-thirst-after-happiness-is-never-exti_69822.png)

> [Active people don't change the world profoundly; ideas do. Napoleon is less important in world history than Jean-Jacques Rousseau.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/michel-houellebecq/active-people-don-t-change-the-world-profoundly-ideas-do-napoleon-is/)

[Michel Houellebecq](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/michel-houellebecq/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fb1/michel-houellebecq-1497_active_active-people-don-t-change-the-world-pro_2747343.png)

> [“If I had had to choose my place of birth, I would have chosen a state in which everyone knew everyone else,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/christopher-ryan/if-i-had-had-to-choose-my-place-of-birth-i-would-have-chosen-a-state/)

[Christopher Ryan](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/christopher-ryan/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f5d/christopher-ryan-4309_quote_if-i-had-had-to-choose-my-place-of-birth_199901.jpg)

> [“In reality, the source of all these differences is, that the savage lives within himself, while the social man lives constantly outside…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/c-j-box/in-reality-the-source-of-all-these-differences-is-that-the-savage/)

[C.J. Box](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/c-j-box/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/306/c-j-box-27850_jacques-rousseau_in-reality-the-source-of-all-these-diffe_186747.jpg)

> [“He who pretends to look on death without fear lies. All men are afraid of dying, this is the great law of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/jean-jacques-rousseau/he-who-pretends-to-look-on-death-without-fear-lies-all-men-are-afraid-2/)

[Jean-Jacques Rousseau](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/jean-jacques-rousseau/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/acc/jean-jacques-rousseau-418_death_he-who-pretends-to-look-on-death-without_1909442.png)

> [The theory of social contracts extends as far back as Plato. However, it was the great 18th century social philosophers John Locke,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/simon-mainwaring/the-theory-of-social-contracts-extends-as-far-back-as-plato-however/)

[Simon Mainwaring](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/simon-mainwaring/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e56/simon-mainwaring-3578_18th-century_the-theory-of-social-contracts-extends-a_192073.png)

> [However, it was the great 18th century social philosophers John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau who brought the concept of a…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/simon-mainwaring/however-it-was-the-great-18th-century-social-philosophers-john-locke/)

[Simon Mainwaring](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/simon-mainwaring/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/287/simon-mainwaring-3578_18th-century_however-it-was-the-great-18th-century-so_984007.png)

> [“The French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau speculated that states are formed by a social contract, a rational decision reached when people calculated their…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/jared-diamond/the-french-philosopher-jean-jacques-rousseau-speculated-that-states/)

[Jared Diamond](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/jared-diamond/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2db/jared-diamond-2519_french-philosopher_the-french-philosopher-jean-jacques-rous_1102300.png)

> [“Nothing is harder than distinguishing in children between real stupidity and that apparent but misleading stupidity which simply indicates strength of character.…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/peter-gumbel/nothing-is-harder-than-distinguishing-in-children-between-real/)

[Peter Gumbel](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/peter-gumbel/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8d6/peter-gumbel-91102_children_nothing-is-harder-than-distinguishing-in_1468528.jpg)

> [The star is the ultimate American verification of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Emile. His mere existence proves the perfectability of any man or woman.…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daniel-j-boorstin/the-star-is-the-ultimate-american-verification-of-jean-jacques/)

[Daniel J. Boorstin](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daniel-j-boorstin/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/afe/daniel-j-boorstin-3089_celebrity_the-star-is-the-ultimate-american-verifi_1174646.png)

> [“Man is born free but is everywhere in chains,” wrote Jean-Jacques Rousseau in The Social Contract in 1762. A generation of crusading…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/tom-reiss/man-is-born-free-but-is-everywhere-in-chains-wrote-jean-jacques/)

[Tom Reiss](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/tom-reiss/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/cce/tom-reiss-15466_absolute-monarchy_man-is-born-free-but-is-everywhere-in-ch_415507.jpg)

> [“French Enlightenment philosophers liked to use slavery as a symbol of human oppression, and particularly political oppression. “Man is born free but…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/tom-reiss/french-enlightenment-philosophers-liked-to-use-slavery-as-a-symbol-of/)

[Tom Reiss](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/tom-reiss/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a53/tom-reiss-15466_born-free_french-enlightenment-philosophers-liked_2076073.jpg)

> [“Depending on which flavor of academic scholarship you prefer, that age had its roots in the Renaissance or Mannerist periods in Germany,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/david-downie/depending-on-which-flavor-of-academic-scholarship-you-prefer-that-age/)

[David Downie](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/david-downie/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/51f/david-downie-93563_love_depending-on-which-flavor-of-academic-sc_1568820.jpg)

> [“The first articulate explorer and to an extent even theorist of intimacy was Jean-Jacques Rousseau who, characteristically enough, is the only great…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/hannah-arendt/the-first-articulate-explorer-and-to-an-extent-even-theorist-of/)

[Hannah Arendt](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/hannah-arendt/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/768/hannah-arendt-610_emotional-life_the-first-articulate-explorer-and-to-an_2151599.jpg)

> [“As the literary fairy tale spread in France to every age group and every social class, it began to serve different functions,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/jack-zipes/as-the-literary-fairy-tale-spread-in-france-to-every-age-group-and/)

[Jack Zipes](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/jack-zipes/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/255/jack-zipes-27326_fairy_as-the-literary-fairy-tale-spread-in-fra_896587.jpg)

> [“Hence," goes on the professor, "definitions of happiness are interesting." I suppose the best thing to do with that is to let…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/dorothy-parker/hence-goes-on-the-professor-definitions-of-happiness-are-interesting/)

[Dorothy Parker](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/dorothy-parker/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/5e9/dorothy-parker-700_book-review_hence-goes-on-the-professor-definitions_1272552.jpg)

> [“Jean-Jacques Rousseau defined civilization as when people build fences. A very perceptive observation. And it’s true—all civilization is the product of a…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/haruki-murakami/jean-jacques-rousseau-defined-civilization-as-when-people-build/)

[Haruki Murakami](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/haruki-murakami/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ed4/haruki-murakami-21_civilization_jean-jacques-rousseau-defined-civilizati_2936800.jpg)

> [“human nature of their origins runs counter to the prevailing cultural view of the ancient Near East. In the Genesis narrative, we…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/timothy-keller/human-nature-of-their-origins-runs-counter-to-the-prevailing-cultural/)

[Timothy Keller](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/timothy-keller/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/6c1/timothy-keller-240_city-life_human-nature-of-their-origins-runs-count_1459797.jpg)

> [“Liberal politics is based on the idea that the voters know best, and there is no need for Big Brother to tell…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/yuval-noah-harari/liberal-politics-is-based-on-the-idea-that-the-voters-know-best-and/)

[Yuval Noah Harari](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/yuval-noah-harari/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/de5/yuval-noah-harari-100_action-film_liberal-politics-is-based-on-the-idea-th_3039151.jpg)

> [“The ‘republican’ variant is that freedom must mean non-domination. Stemming from Aristotle, republican freedom requires freedom from potential domination as well as…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/guy-standing/the-republican-variant-is-that-freedom-must-mean-non-domination/)

[Guy Standing](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/guy-standing/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/c28/guy-standing-4017_freedom_the-republican-variant-is-that-freedom-m_2302589.jpg)

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                        "text": "“In reality, the source of all these differences is, that the savage lives within himself, while the social man lives constantly outside himself, and only knows how to live in the opinion of others, so that he seems to receive the consciousness of his own existence merely from the judgment of others concerning him. —JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU”",
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                        "text": "“He who pretends to look on death without fear lies. All men are afraid of dying, this is the great law of sentient beings, without which the entire human species would soon be destroyed. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712 - 1778) French philosopher and writer.”",
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                        "text": "The theory of social contracts extends as far back as Plato. However, it was the great 18th century social philosophers John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau who brought the concept of a social contract between citizens and governments sharply into political thinking, paving the way for popular democracy and constitutional republicanism.",
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                        "text": "However, it was the great 18th century social philosophers John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau who brought the concept of a social contract between citizens and governments sharply into political thinking, paving the way for popular democracy and constitutional republicanism.",
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                        "text": "“The French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau speculated that states are formed by a social contract, a rational decision reached when people calculated their self-interest, came to the agreement that they would be better off in a state than in simpler societies, and voluntarily did away with their simpler societies. But”",
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                            "name": "Jared Diamond"
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                        "text": "“Nothing is harder than distinguishing in children between real stupidity and that apparent but misleading stupidity which simply indicates strength of character. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Émile, ou de l’éducation”",
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                        "text": "The star is the ultimate American verification of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Emile. His mere existence proves the perfectability of any man or woman. Oh wonderful pliability of human nature, in a society where anyone can become a celebrity! And where any celebrity . . . may become a star!",
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                            "caption": "“The star is the ultimate American verification of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Emile. His mere existence proves…” — Daniel J. Boorstin",
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                        "text": "“Man is born free but is everywhere in chains,” wrote Jean-Jacques Rousseau in The Social Contract in 1762. A generation of crusading lawyers put Enlightenment principles into action by helping slaves sue for the right to be treated as ordinary French subjects. They took the issue of human bondage to the sovereign parlement courts of France—and won, in nearly every case, liberty for their black and mixed-race clients. The infuriated Louis XV found his hands tied. The phrase “absolute monarchy” is misleading: Ancien Régime France was a state of laws, of ancient precedents, where the spark of enlightened reason could and occasionally did ignite great things.”",
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                            "name": "Tom Reiss"
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                        "text": "“French Enlightenment philosophers liked to use slavery as a symbol of human oppression, and particularly political oppression. “Man is born free but is everywhere in chains,” wrote Jean-Jacques Rousseau in The Social Contract in 1762. A generation of crusading lawyers put Enlightenment principles into action by helping slaves sue for the right to be treated as ordinary French subjects.”",
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                            "caption": "“French Enlightenment philosophers liked to use slavery as a symbol of human oppression, and particularly…” — Tom Reiss",
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                        "text": "“Depending on which flavor of academic scholarship you prefer, that age had its roots in the Renaissance or Mannerist periods in Germany, England, and Italy. It first bloomed in France in the garden of Jean-Jacques Rousseau in the 1780s. Others point to François-René de Chateaubriand’s château circa 1800 or Victor Hugo’s Paris apartments in the 1820s and ’30s. The time frame depends on who you ask. All agree Romanticism reached its apogee in Paris in the 1820s to 1840s before fading, according to some circa 1850 to make way for the anti-Romantic Napoléon III and the Second Empire, according to others in the 1880s when the late Romantic Decadents took over. Yet others say the period stretched until 1914—conveniently enduring through the debauched Belle Époque before expiring in time for World War I and the arrival of that other perennial of the pigeonhole specialists, modernism. There are those, however, who look beyond dates and tags and believe the Romantic spirit never died, that it overflowed, spread, fractured, came back together again like the Seine around its islands, morphed into other isms, changed its name and address dozens of times as Nadar and Balzac did and, like a phantom or vampire or other supernatural invention of the Romantic Age, it thrives today in billions of brains and hearts. The mother ship, the source, the living shrine of Romanticism remains the city of Paris.”",
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                            "name": "David Downie"
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                        "text": "“The first articulate explorer and to an extent even theorist of intimacy was Jean-Jacques Rousseau who, characteristically enough, is the only great author still frequently cited by his first name alone. He arrived at his discovery through a rebellion not against the oppression of the state but against society’s unbearable perversion of the human heart, its intrusion upon an innermost region in man which until then had needed no special protection. The intimacy of the heart, unlike the private household, has no objective tangible place in the world, nor can the society against which it protests and asserts itself be localized with the same certainty as the public space. To Rousseau, both the intimate and the social were, rather, subjective modes of human existence, and in his case, it was as though Jean-Jacques rebelled against a man called Rousseau. The modern individual and his endless conflicts, his inability either to be at home in society or to live outside it altogether, his ever-changing moods and the radical subjectivism of his emotional life, was born in this rebellion of the heart.”",
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                        "text": "“As the literary fairy tale spread in France to every age group and every social class, it began to serve different functions, depending on the writer's interests. It represented the glory and ideology of the French aristocracy. It provided a symbolic critique, with utopian connotations, of the aristocratic hierarchy, largely within the aristocracy itself and from the female viewpoint. It introduced the norms and values of the bourgeois civilizing process as more reasonable and egalitarian than the feudal code. As a divertissement for the aristocracy and bourgeoisie, the fairy tale diverted the attention of listeners/readers from the serious sociopolitical problems of the times, compensating for the deprivations that the upper classes perceived themselves to be suffering. There was also an element of self-parody, revealing the ridiculous notions in previous fairy tales and representing another aspect of court society to itself; such parodies can be seen in Jacques Cazotte's \"A Thousand and One Follies\" (1746), Jean-Jacques Rousseau's \"The Queen Fantasque\" (1758), and Voltaire's \"The White Bull\" (1774). Finally, fairy tales with clear didactic and moral lessons were approved as reading matter to serve as a subtle, more pleasurable means of initiating children into the class rituals and customs that reinforced the status quo.”",
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                        "text": "“Hence,\" goes on the professor, \"definitions of happiness are interesting.\" I suppose the best thing to do with that is to let is pass. Me, I never saw a definition of happiness that could detain me after train-time, but that may be a matter of lack of opportunity, of inattention, or of congenital rough luck. If definitions of happiness can keep Professor Phelps on his toes, that is little short of dandy. We might just as well get on along to the next statement, which goes like this: \"One of the best\" (we are still on definitions of happiness) \"was given in my Senior year at college by Professor Timothy Dwight: 'The happiest person is the person who thinks the most interesting thoughts.'\" Promptly one starts recalling such Happiness Boys as Nietzche, Socrates, de Maupassant, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, William Blake, and Poe.”",
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                            "caption": "“Hence,\" goes on the professor, \"definitions of happiness are interesting.\" I suppose the best thing to do…” — Dorothy Parker",
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                        "text": "“Jean-Jacques Rousseau defined civilization as when people build fences. A very perceptive observation. And it’s true—all civilization is the product of a fenced-in lack of freedom. The Australian Aborigines are the exception, though. They managed to maintain a fenceless civilization until the seventeenth century. They’re dyed-in-the-wool free. They go where they want, when they want, doing what they want. Their lives are a literal journey. Walkabout is a perfect metaphor for their lives. When the English came and built fences to pen in their cattle, the Aborigines couldn’t fathom it. And, ignorant to the end of the principle at work, they were classified as dangerous and antisocial and were driven away, to the outback. So I want you to be careful. The people who build high, strong fences are the ones who survive the best. You deny that reality only at the risk of being driven into the wilderness yourself.”",
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                        "text": "“human nature of their origins runs counter to the prevailing cultural view of the ancient Near East. In the Genesis narrative, we see man becoming a contributor under God in the ongoing work of creation, through the development of culture. We learn that city life is not to be seen as simply a punishment for humanity after the banishment from the garden. Rather the city has inherent capacities for bringing human beings together in such a way that enhances both security and culture making. However, as can be seen in the line of Cain, these capacities, under the influence of sin and rebellion against God, can be generators of great evil. The song of Lamech, Cain’s descendant, shows the Cainite city dwellers using all their advances to form a culture of death (Gen 4:23 – 24). Here is the first clear indicator of the dual nature of the city. Its capability for enormous good — for the culture-making creation of art, science, and technology — can be used to produce tremendous evil. Henri Blocher does not consider it a coincidence that the first mention of anti-God culture making is tied to the first instance of city building, but he warns against drawing the wrong conclusion: It is no doubt significant that [in Genesis 4] progress in arts and in engineering comes from the “city” of the Cainites. Nevertheless, we are not to conclude from this that civilization as such is… the fruit of sin. Such a conclusion would lead us to Manichaeism or to the views of Jean-Jacques Rousseau… The Bible condemns neither the city (for it concludes with the vision of the City of God) nor art and engineering.14 Blocher may be responding to writers such as Geerhardus Vos, who in his Biblical Theology points to “the problem”",
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                        "text": "“Liberal politics is based on the idea that the voters know best, and there is no need for Big Brother to tell us what is good for us. Liberal economics is based on the idea that the customer is always right. Liberal art declares that beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Students in liberal schools and universities are taught to think for themselves. Commercials urge us to ‘Just do it.’ Action films, stage dramas, soap operas, novels and catchy pop songs indoctrinate us constantly: ‘Be true to yourself’, ‘Listen to yourself’, ‘Follow your heart’. Jean-Jacques Rousseau stated this view most classically: ‘What I feel to be good – is good. What I feel to be bad – is bad.’ People who have been raised from infancy on a diet of such slogans are prone to believe that happiness is a subjective feeling and that each individual best knows whether she is happy or miserable. Yet this view is unique to liberalism. Most religions and ideologies throughout history stated that there are objective yardsticks for goodness and beauty, and for how things ought to be. They were suspicious of the feelings and preferences of the ordinary person. At the entrance of the temple of Apollo at Delphi, pilgrims were greeted by the inscription: ‘Know thyself!’ The implication was that the average person is ignorant of his true self, and is therefore likely to be ignorant of true happiness. Freud would probably concur.fn1 And so would Christian theologians. St Paul and St Augustine knew perfectly well that if you asked people about it, most of them would prefer to have sex than pray to God. Does that prove that having sex is the key to happiness? Not according to Paul and Augustine. It proves only that humankind is sinful by nature, and that people are easily seduced by Satan. From a Christian viewpoint, the vast majority of people are in more or less the same situation as heroin addicts. Imagine that a psychologist embarks on a study of happiness among drug users. He polls them and finds that they declare, every single one of them, that they are only happy when they shoot up. Would the psychologist publish a paper declaring that heroin is the key to happiness? The idea that feelings are not to be trusted is not restricted to Christianity. At least when it comes to the value of feelings, even Darwin and Dawkins might find common ground with St Paul and St Augustine. According to the selfish gene theory, natural selection makes people, like other organisms, choose what is good for the reproduction of their genes, even if it is bad for them as individuals. Most males spend their lives toiling, worrying, competing and fighting, instead of enjoying peaceful bliss, because their DNA manipulates them for its own selfish aims. Like Satan, DNA uses fleeting pleasures to tempt people and place them in its power.”",
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                        "text": "“The ‘republican’ variant is that freedom must mean non-domination. Stemming from Aristotle, republican freedom requires freedom from potential domination as well as from actual domination by figures, institutions or processes of unaccountable domination.12 In other words, to the extent that authority figures or institutions could, if they wished, ‘arbitrarily interfere’ with a person’s ability to act or think (or develop), republican freedom is compromised.13 This view is linked to the argument, derived in part from the philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, that the very existence of property can destroy or compromise such freedom. After all, if a few families own all the land, to talk of everyone having freedom would be absurd. Robust republican freedom could be said to exist if everyone in society could avoid or escape from unwanted interference, and also from the rational fear of it. To be free, a person must be free of the will of others. If I fear rationally and reasonably that, were I to offend someone, my freedom would be lost, I am not free. By contrast with libertarianism, which sees all government as compromising freedom, republican freedom requires and depends on government. But it must be government that is democratically accountable and geared to the promotion of full freedom, defined primarily as the ability of the most vulnerable in society to avoid domination. Republican freedom also requires government to ensure that the choices of the powerful cannot block others from making choices themselves. If”",
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