---
title: "22 Habits Quotes By Robert M. Sapolsky"
description: "22 Habits quotes by Robert M. Sapolsky. Plus more from Robert M. Sapolsky and more Habits sayings from other authors."
image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/594/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_behavior_what-happened-in-the-milliseconds-before_2620341.png"
---

> [What happened in the milliseconds before a behavior to cause it? That's in the neurobiological realm.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/what-happened-in-the-milliseconds-before-a-behavior-to-cause-it-that/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/594/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_behavior_what-happened-in-the-milliseconds-before_2620341.png)

> [Genes are rarely about inevitability, especially when it comes to humans, the brain, or behavior. They're about vulnerability, propensities, tendencies.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/genes-are-rarely-about-inevitability-especially-when-it-comes-to/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2fe/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_behavior_genes-are-rarely-about-inevitability-esp_214039.png)

> [Perhaps most excitingly, we are uncovering the brain basis of our behaviors - normal, abnormal and in-between. We are mapping a neurobiology…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/perhaps-most-excitingly-we-are-uncovering-the-brain-basis-of-our/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/7d7/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_abnormal_perhaps-most-excitingly-we-are-uncoverin_2563991.jpg)

> [Genes are important for understanding our behavior. Incredibly important - after all, they code for every protein pertinent to brain function, endocrinology,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/genes-are-important-for-understanding-our-behavior-incredibly/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/996/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_behavior_genes-are-important-for-understanding-ou_1444762.png)

> [“Thus, adult behavior produces persistent molecular brain changes in offspring, “programming” them to be likely to replicate that distinctive behavior in adulthood.76”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/thus-adult-behavior-produces-persistent-molecular-brain-changes-in/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/304/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_habits_thus-adult-behavior-produces-persistent_2425857.png)

> [“you asked amygdala experts what behavior their favorite brain structure brings to mind, “aggression” wouldn’t top their list. It would be fear…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/you-asked-amygdala-experts-what-behavior-their-favorite-brain/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/913/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_aggression_you-asked-amygdala-experts-what-behavior_2755966.png)

> [“Thus, over the course of seconds sensory cues can shape your behavior unconsciously.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/thus-over-the-course-of-seconds-sensory-cues-can-shape-your-behavior/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a89/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_habits_thus-over-the-course-of-seconds-sensory_3065498.png)

> [“it’s human behavior, human social behavior, and in many cases abnormal human social behavior. And it is indeed a mess, a subject…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/it-s-human-behavior-human-social-behavior-and-in-many-cases-abnormal/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e75/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_behavior_it-s-human-behavior-human-social-behavio_403448.png)

> [“Infuse oxytocin into the brain of a virgin rat, and she’ll act maternally—retrieving, grooming, and licking pups. Block the actions of oxytocin…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/infuse-oxytocin-into-the-brain-of-a-virgin-rat-and-she-ll-act/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f6f/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_habits_infuse-oxytocin-into-the-brain-of-a-virg_309567.png)

> [“Infuse oxytocin into the brain of a virgin rat, and she’ll act maternally—retrieving, grooming, and licking pups. Block the actions of oxytocin…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/infuse-oxytocin-into-the-brain-of-a-virgin-rat-and-she-ll-act-2/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/dbd/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_habits_infuse-oxytocin-into-the-brain-of-a-virg_1131776.png)

> [The fascinating thing about our best and worst behaviors isn't the behavior itself - the brain tells the muscles to do something…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/the-fascinating-thing-about-our-best-and-worst-behaviors-isn-t-the/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/d93/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_behavior_the-fascinating-thing-about-our-best-and_968573.png)

> [“Sustained stress has numerous adverse effects. The amygdala becomes overactive and more coupled to pathways of habitual behavior; it is easier to…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/sustained-stress-has-numerous-adverse-effects-the-amygdala-becomes/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/913/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_amygdala_sustained-stress-has-numerous-adverse-ef_1536381.jpg)

> [“The candidate gene approaches show that the effect of a single gene on a behavior is typically tiny. In other words, having…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/the-candidate-gene-approaches-show-that-the-effect-of-a-single-gene/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/745/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_habits_the-candidate-gene-approaches-show-that_554001.png)

> [“Look at systematic patterns of cultural variation as they pertain to the best and worst of our behaviors. Explore how different types…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/look-at-systematic-patterns-of-cultural-variation-as-they-pertain-to/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2ed/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_different-types_look-at-systematic-patterns-of-cultural_615776.png)

> [“Our prototypical behavior has occurred. How was it influenced by events when the egg and sperm that formed that person joined, creating…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/our-prototypical-behavior-has-occurred-how-was-it-influenced-by/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/111/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_evolution_our-prototypical-behavior-has-occurred-h_1269089.png)

> [“Dopamine is not just about reward anticipation; it fuels the goal-directed behavior needed to gain that reward; dopamine “binds” the value of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/dopamine-is-not-just-about-reward-anticipation-it-fuels-the-goal/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/3aa/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_dopamine_dopamine-is-not-just-about-reward-antici_685011.png)

> [“Genes have plenty to do with behavior. Even more appropriately, all behavioral traits are affected to some degree by genetic variability.65 They…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/genes-have-plenty-to-do-with-behavior-even-more-appropriately-all/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/cc4/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_behavior_genes-have-plenty-to-do-with-behavior-ev_530129.png)

> [“When testosterone rises after a challenge, it doesn't prompt aggression. Instead it prompts whatever behaviors are needed to maintain status. This changes…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/when-testosterone-rises-after-a-challenge-it-doesn-t-prompt/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f1d/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_acts-of-kindness_when-testosterone-rises-after-a-challeng_2772065.jpg)

> [“Instead, these findings suggest that the amygdala injects implicit distrust and vigilance into social decision making.23 All thanks to learning. In the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/instead-these-findings-suggest-that-the-amygdala-injects-implicit/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/5b1/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_amygdala_instead-these-findings-suggest-that-the_3182085.jpg)

> [“Subliminal cuing and unconscious priming influence numerous behaviors unrelated to this book. People think potato chips taste better when hearing crunching sounds.…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/subliminal-cuing-and-unconscious-priming-influence-numerous-behaviors/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/c10/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_habits_subliminal-cuing-and-unconscious-priming_617514.png)

> [“So testosterone does subtle things to behavior. Nonetheless, this doesn’t tell us much because everything can be interpreted every which way. Testosterone…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/so-testosterone-does-subtle-things-to-behavior-nonetheless-this-doesn/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/714/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_habits_so-testosterone-does-subtle-things-to-be_36434.png)

> [“A behavior has occurred that is good, bad, or ambiguous. How have cultural factors stretching back to the origins of humans contributed…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/a-behavior-has-occurred-that-is-good-bad-or-ambiguous-how-have/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/296/robert-m-sapolsky-1166_domestication_a-behavior-has-occurred-that-is-good-bad_720610.jpg)

## Other authors on Habits

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- [Susan C. Young 37 quotes](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/susan-c-young/)
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- [Ralph Waldo Emerson 36 quotes](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/ralph-waldo-emerson/)
- [ ![](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/uploads/sms4s/authors/processed/b007/author-darren-hardy-26902.jpg) Darren Hardy 35 quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/darren-hardy/)
- [Aristotle 34 quotes](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/aristotle/)
- [ ![](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/uploads/sms4s/authors/processed/b022/author-stephen-covey-86975.jpg) Stephen Covey 33 quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/stephen-covey/)
- [ ![](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/uploads/sms4s/authors/processed/b001/author-dranil-kr-sinha-102.jpg) DrAnil Kr Sinha 28 quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/dranil-kr-sinha/)
- [ ![](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/uploads/sms4s/authors/processed/b022/author-steve-maraboli-87325.jpg) Steve Maraboli 26 quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/steve-maraboli/)
- [ ![](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/uploads/sms4s/authors/processed/b024/author-william-james-95592.jpg) William James 25 quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/william-james/)
- [ ![](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/uploads/sms4s/authors/processed/b019/author-paulo-coelho-74345.jpg) Paulo Coelho 25 quotes ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/habits/paulo-coelho/)

## More by Robert M. Sapolsky

> [“Secure-attachment 7Rs show more generosity than average. Thus 7R has something to do with generosity—but its effect is entirely context dependent.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/secure-attachment-7rs-show-more-generosity-than-average-thus-7r-has/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [But if you get chronically, psychosocially stressed, you're going to compromise your health. So, essentially, we've evolved to be smart enough to make ourselves…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/but-if-you-get-chronically-psychosocially-stressed-you-re-going-to/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“Finally, for the same criminal conviction, the more stereotypically Af-rican a black individual’s facial features, the longer the sentence.15 In contrast, juries view black…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/finally-for-the-same-criminal-conviction-the-more-stereotypically-af/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“So testosterone does subtle things to behavior. Nonetheless, this doesn’t tell us much because everything can be interpreted every which way. Testosterone increases anxiety—you…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/so-testosterone-does-subtle-things-to-behavior-nonetheless-this-doesn/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“pain makes aggressive people more aggressive, while doing the opposite to unaggressive individuals.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/pain-makes-aggressive-people-more-aggressive-while-doing-the-opposite/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“Thus, for our purposes, genes aren’t about inevitability. Instead they’re about context-dependent tendencies, propensities, potentials, and vulnerabilities. All embedded in the fabric of the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/thus-for-our-purposes-genes-aren-t-about-inevitability-instead-they/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“If we accept that there will always be sides, it’s a nontrivial to-do list item to always be on the side of angels. Distrust…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/if-we-accept-that-there-will-always-be-sides-it-s-a-nontrivial-to-do/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“In other words, the more genomically complex the organism, the larger the percentage of the genome devoted to gene regulation by the environment.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/in-other-words-the-more-genomically-complex-the-organism-the-larger/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“The subject of one experiment is a rat that receives mild electric shocks (roughly equivalent to the static shock you might get from scuffing…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/the-subject-of-one-experiment-is-a-rat-that-receives-mild-electric/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“No brain region is an island, and the formation of circuits connecting far-flung brain regions is crucial—how else can the frontal cortex use its…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/no-brain-region-is-an-island-and-the-formation-of-circuits-connecting/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“We process emotionally salient information more rapidly and automatically, but with less accuracy. Frontal function—working memory, impulse control, executive decision making, risk assessment, and…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/we-process-emotionally-salient-information-more-rapidly-and/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“Most broadly, the PFC chooses between conflicting options—Coke or Pepsi; blurting out what you really think or restraining yourself; pulling the trigger or not.…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/most-broadly-the-pfc-chooses-between-conflicting-options-coke-or/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“One stretch of the gene is repeated a variable number of times, and the version with seven repeats (the “7R” form) produces a receptor…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/one-stretch-of-the-gene-is-repeated-a-variable-number-of-times-and/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [“some people always get more than their share of equality than others”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/some-people-always-get-more-than-their-share-of-equality-than-others/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

> [It's probably even the case that if you stoked up some Buddhist monks with tons of testosterone, they'd become wildly competitive as to who…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/robert-m-sapolsky/it-s-probably-even-the-case-that-if-you-stoked-up-some-buddhist-monks/)

[Robert M. Sapolsky](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/robert-m-sapolsky/)

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                        "text": "“When testosterone rises after a challenge, it doesn't prompt aggression. Instead it prompts whatever behaviors are needed to maintain status.  This changes things tremendously... Engineer social circumstances right, and boosting testosterone levels during a challenge would make people compete like crazy to do the most random acts of kindness. In our world riddled with male violence, the problem isn't that testosterone can increase levels of aggression. The problem is the frequency with which we reward aggression.”",
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                        "text": "“Instead, these findings suggest that the amygdala injects implicit distrust and vigilance into social decision making.23 All thanks to learning. In the words of the authors of the study, “The generosity in the trust game of our BLA-damaged subjects might be considered pathological altruism, in the sense that inborn altruistic behaviors have not, due to BLA damage, been un-learned through negative social experience.” In other words, the default state is to trust, and what the amygdala does is learn vigilance and distrust.”",
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                        "text": "“Subliminal cuing and unconscious priming influence numerous behaviors unrelated to this book. People think potato chips taste better when hearing crunching sounds. We like a neutral stimulus more if, just before seeing it, a picture of a smiling face is flashed for a twentieth of a second. The more expensive a supposed (placebo) painkiller, the more effective people report the placebo to be. Ask subjects their favorite detergent; if they’ve just read a paragraph containing the word “ocean,” they’re more likely to choose Tide—and then explain its cleaning virtues.6”",
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                        "text": "“So testosterone does subtle things to behavior. Nonetheless, this doesn’t tell us much because everything can be interpreted every which way. Testosterone increases anxiety—you feel threatened and become more reactively aggressive. Testosterone decreases anxiety—you feel cocky and overconfident, become more preemptively aggressive. Testosterone increases risk taking—“Hey, let’s gamble and invade.” Testosterone increases risk taking—“Hey, let’s gamble and make a peace offer.” Testosterone makes you feel good—“Let’s start another fight, since the last one went swell.” Testosterone makes you feel good—“Let’s all hold hands.” It’s a crucial unifying concept that testosterone’s effects are hugely context dependent.”",
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                        "text": "“A behavior has occurred that is good, bad, or ambiguous. How have cultural factors stretching back to the origins of humans contributed to that behavior? And rustling cattle on a moonless night; or setting aside tending your cassava garden to raid your Amazonian neighbours; or building fortifications; or butchering every man, woman, and child in a village is irrelevant to that question. That's because all these study subjects are pastoralists, agriculturalists, or horticulturalists, lifestyles that emerged only in the last ten thousand to fourteen thousand years, after the domestication of plants and animals. In the context of hominin history stretching back hundreds of thousands of years, being a camel herder or farmer is nearly as newfangled as being a lobbyist advocating for legal rights for robots. For most of history, humans have been hunter-gatherers, a whole different kettle of fish.”",
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