---
title: "49 Fine-structure-constant Quotes by 39 authors"
description: "Browse 49 Fine-structure-constant quotes by 39 authors. Discover the best Fine-structure-constant sayings and thoughts."
image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/6bf/david-j-griffiths-111797_fine-structure-const_calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-fr_1417815.jpg"
---

> [“Calculate the fine structure constant from first principles.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/david-j-griffiths/calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-from-first-principles/)

David J. Griffiths

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/6bf/david-j-griffiths-111797_fine-structure-const_calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-fr_1417815.jpg)

> [“Only three constants are significant for star formation: the gravitational constant, the fine structure constant, and a constant that governs nuclear reaction…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/ian-stewart/only-three-constants-are-significant-for-star-formation-the/)

[Ian Stewart](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/ian-stewart/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/dd8/ian-stewart-28086_cosmology_only-three-constants-are-significant-for_1323915.jpg)

> [“Fine Structure Constant: Fundamental numerical constant of atomic physics and quantum electrodynamics, defined as the square of the charge of the electron…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/steven-weinberg/fine-structure-constant-fundamental-numerical-constant-of-atomic/)

[Steven Weinberg](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/steven-weinberg/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a82/steven-weinberg-3159_electron_fine-structure-constant-fundamental-nume_2669190.png)

> [“... it should be remembered that the atomicity of electric charge has already found its expression in the specific numerical value of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wolfgang-pauli/it-should-be-remembered-that-the-atomicity-of-electric-charge-has/)

[Wolfgang Pauli](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/wolfgang-pauli/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/959/wolfgang-pauli-14510_constants-of-nature_it-should-be-remembered-that-the-atomici_1939208.jpg)

> [“The mystery about α is actually a double mystery. The first mystery – the origin of its numerical value α ≈ 1/137…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/malcolm-h-mac-gregor/the-mystery-about-is-actually-a-double-mystery-the-first-mystery-the/)

Malcolm H. Mac Gregor

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4e0/malcolm-h-mac-gregor-100175_fine-structure-const_the-mystery-about-is-actually-a-double-m_1320228.jpg)

> [“Number ... should not be understood solely as a construction of consciousness, but also as an archetype and thus as a constituent…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/marie-louise-von-franz/number-should-not-be-understood-solely-as-a-construction-of/)

[Marie-Louise von Franz](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/marie-louise-von-franz/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/213/marie-louise-von-franz-13561_archetype_number-should-not-be-understood-solely-a_524067.png)

> [“All integral laws of spectral lines and of atomic theory spring originally from the quantum theory. It is the mysterious organon on…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/arnold-sommerfeld/all-integral-laws-of-spectral-lines-and-of-atomic-theory-spring/)

[Arnold Sommerfeld](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/arnold-sommerfeld/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/86b/arnold-sommerfeld-63324_fine-structure-const_all-integral-laws-of-spectral-lines-and_389052.jpg)

> [“The fine-structure constant is ubiquitous throughout physics. I’ve already noted its connection to the electromagnetic interaction. In atomic physics, the binding energy,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gerald-gabrielse/the-fine-structure-constant-is-ubiquitous-throughout-physics-i-ve/)

Gerald Gabrielse

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/294/gerald-gabrielse-239735_fine-structure-const_the-fine-structure-constant-is-ubiquitou_3091106.jpg)

> [“As I regard physics and psychology as complementary types of examination, I am certain that there is an equally valid way that…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wolfgang-pauli/as-i-regard-physics-and-psychology-as-complementary-types-of/)

[Wolfgang Pauli](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/wolfgang-pauli/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8be/wolfgang-pauli-14510_archetypes_as-i-regard-physics-and-psychology-as-co_1672941.jpg)

> [“God is a pure mathematician!' declared British astronomer Sir James Jeans. The physical Universe does seem to be organised around elegant mathematical…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/paul-davies/god-is-a-pure-mathematician-declared-british-astronomer-sir-james/)

[Paul Davies](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/paul-davies/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/de6/paul-davies-3810_astronomy_god-is-a-pure-mathematician-declared-bri_2209878.png)

> [“there are no arbitrary constants ... nature is so constituted that it is possible logically to lay down such strongly determined laws…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/albert-einstein/there-are-no-arbitrary-constants-nature-is-so-constituted-that-it-is/)

[Albert Einstein](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/albert-einstein/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8e6/albert-einstein-33_constants-of-nature_there-are-no-arbitrary-constants-nature_1501762.jpg)

> [“Take this neat little equation here. It tells me all the ways an electron can make itself comfortable in or around an…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/richard-feynman/take-this-neat-little-equation-here-it-tells-me-all-the-ways-an/)

[Richard Feynman](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/richard-feynman/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/76c/richard-feynman-12444_constants-of-nature_take-this-neat-little-equation-here-it-t_479317.jpg)

> [“While twentieth-century physicists were not able to identify any convincing mathematical constants underlying the fine structure, partly because such thinking has normally…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/carl-johan-calleman/while-twentieth-century-physicists-were-not-able-to-identify-any/)

Carl Johan Calleman

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4fd/carl-johan-calleman-66065_fine-structure-const_while-twentieth-century-physicists-were_984734.jpg)

> [“Here the attention of the research workers is primarily directed to the problem of reconciling the claims of the special relativity theory…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/werner-heisenberg/here-the-attention-of-the-research-workers-is-primarily-directed-to/)

[Werner Heisenberg](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/werner-heisenberg/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ab2/werner-heisenberg-4501_dirac_here-the-attention-of-the-research-worke_2524030.jpg)

> [“The unsolved problems of the physical world now seem even more formidable than those solved in the twentieth century. Though in application…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gerald-holton/the-unsolved-problems-of-the-physical-world-now-seem-even-more/)

[Gerald Holton](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gerald-holton/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/988/gerald-holton-46138_anthropic-principle_the-unsolved-problems-of-the-physical-wo_2791921.jpg)

> [“Now let us analyze the other two occupants of the inner Sanctuary or Oracle. They are the two cherubim who guard the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/william-eisen/now-let-us-analyze-the-other-two-occupants-of-the-inner-sanctuary-or/)

William Eisen

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/36d/william-eisen-84122_ancient-history_now-let-us-analyze-the-other-two-occupan_275621.jpg)

> [“A good example of the archetypal ideas which the archetypes produce are natural numbers or integers. With the aid of the integers…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/k-v-laurikainen/a-good-example-of-the-archetypal-ideas-which-the-archetypes-produce/)

K. V. Laurikainen

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/95c/k-v-laurikainen-95313_archetypes_a-good-example-of-the-archetypal-ideas-w_2519825.jpg)

> [“The focus of history and philosophy of science scholar Arthur Miller’s (2010) "137: Jung and Pauli and the Pursuit of Scientific Obsession"…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/todd-hayen/the-focus-of-history-and-philosophy-of-science-scholar-arthur-miller/)

Todd Hayen

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/699/todd-hayen-157203_ancient-egypt_the-focus-of-history-and-philosophy-of-s_2206043.jpg)

> [“The power of the deductive network produced in physics has been illustrated in a delightful article by Victor F. Weisskopf. He begins…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gerald-holton/the-power-of-the-deductive-network-produced-in-physics-has-been/)

[Gerald Holton](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/gerald-holton/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/23f/gerald-holton-46138_constants-of-nature_the-power-of-the-deductive-network-produ_755836.png)

> [“There is only one universal language, which is the language of numbers and proportions that are so striking and stunningly built into…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/willem-witteveen/there-is-only-one-universal-language-which-is-the-language-of-numbers/)

Willem Witteveen

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/586/willem-witteveen-104952_constants-of-nature_there-is-only-one-universal-language-whi_2223663.jpg)

> [“In short, the idea dawns that the one universal principle which possibly ... between force and structure, the embodiment of the Principle…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/marja-de-vries/in-short-the-idea-dawns-that-the-one-universal-principle-which/)

Marja de Vries

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/29d/marja-de-vries-92227_chaos-theory_in-short-the-idea-dawns-that-the-one-uni_2166920.jpg)

> [“Highly complex numbers like the Comma of Pythagoras, Pi and Phi (sometimes called the Golden Proportion), are known as irrational numbers. They…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mark-booth-jonathan-black/highly-complex-numbers-like-the-comma-of-pythagoras-pi-and-phi/)

Mark Booth Jonathan Black

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fe2/mark-booth-jonathan-black-2601_ancient-egyptians_highly-complex-numbers-like-the-comma-of_2850249.jpg)

> [“You too can make the golden cut, relating the two poles of your being in perfect golden proportion, thus enabling the lower…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/alison-charlotte-primrose/you-too-can-make-the-golden-cut-relating-the-two-poles-of-your-being/)

Alison Charlotte Primrose

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2b2/alison-charlotte-primrose-8599_fine-structure-const_you-too-can-make-the-golden-cut-relating_213362.jpg)

> [“There is a most profound and beautiful question associated with the observed coupling constant, e - the amplitude for a real electron…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/richard-p-feynman/there-is-a-most-profound-and-beautiful-question-associated-with-the/)

[Richard P. Feynman](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/richard-p-feynman/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f81/richard-p-feynman-495_fine-structure-const_there-is-a-most-profound-and-beautiful-q_2185407.png)

> [“To calculate 'the' fine structure constant, 1/137, we would need a realistic model of just about everything, and this we do not…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/steven-weinberg/to-calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-1-137-we-would-need-a/)

[Steven Weinberg](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/steven-weinberg/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b2c/steven-weinberg-3159_fine-structure-const_to-calculate-the-fine-structure-constant_2111657.png)

> [“One hundred thirty-seven is the inverse of something called the fine-structure constant. ...The most remarkable thing about this remarkable number is that…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/leon-m-lederman/one-hundred-thirty-seven-is-the-inverse-of-something-called-the-fine/)

[Leon M. Lederman](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/leon-m-lederman/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/1cd/leon-m-lederman-20865_fine-structure-const_one-hundred-thirty-seven-is-the-inverse_1558048.jpg)

> [ “For \[Wolfgang\] Pauli the central problem of electrodynamics was the field concept and the existence of an elementary charge which is expressible… ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/charles-p-enz/for-wolfgang-pauli-the-central-problem-of-electrodynamics-was-the/)

Charles P. Enz

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/243/charles-p-enz-91251_fine-structure-const_for-wolfgang-pauli-the-central-problem-o_862023.jpg)

> [“If the deep logic of what determines the value of the fine-structure constant also played a significant role in our understanding of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-d-barrow/if-the-deep-logic-of-what-determines-the-value-of-the-fine-structure/)

[John D. Barrow](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-d-barrow/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a89/john-d-barrow-4552_constants-of-nature_if-the-deep-logic-of-what-determines-the_223082.jpg)

> [“The fine-structure constant derives its name from its origin. It first appeared in Sommerfeld's work to explain the fine details of the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-s-rigden/the-fine-structure-constant-derives-its-name-from-its-origin-it-first/)

John S. Rigden

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/576/john-s-rigden-249641_fine-structure-const_the-fine-structure-constant-derives-its_1276948.jpg)

> [“It is shown that the golden ratio plays a prominent role in the dimensions of all objects which exhibit five-fold symmetry. It…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/richard-a-dunlap/it-is-shown-that-the-golden-ratio-plays-a-prominent-role-in-the/)

Richard A. Dunlap

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f8b/richard-a-dunlap-272484_biology_it-is-shown-that-the-golden-ratio-plays_2174995.jpg)

> [“The prime number 137 had continuously occupied Pauli's mind. It is an approximate value for a constant appearing in the fine structure…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/k-v-laurikainen/the-prime-number-137-had-continuously-occupied-pauli-s-mind-it-is-an/)

K. V. Laurikainen

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ee9/k-v-laurikainen-95313_atoms_the-prime-number-137-had-continuously-oc_3081314.jpg)

> [“True, the Standard Model does explain a very great deal. Nevertheless it is not yet a proper theory, principally because it does…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/anonymous/true-the-standard-model-does-explain-a-very-great-deal-nevertheless/)

[Anonymous](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/anonymous/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e2f/anonymous-1_beauty_true-the-standard-model-does-explain-a-v_2840876.jpg)

> [“Realizing its fundamental importance in understanding spectral lines, in atomic physics and in the theory of how light and electrons interact, quantum…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/arthur-i-miller/realizing-its-fundamental-importance-in-understanding-spectral-lines/)

Arthur I. Miller

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/037/arthur-i-miller-220925_fine-structure-const_realizing-its-fundamental-importance-in_2590141.jpg)

> [“In his first philosophical lecture on modern physics that Pauli gave in November 1934 to the Zurich Philosophical Society he said that…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/charles-p-enz/in-his-first-philosophical-lecture-on-modern-physics-that-pauli-gave/)

Charles P. Enz

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a96/charles-p-enz-91251_fine-structure-const_in-his-first-philosophical-lecture-on-mo_1764442.jpg)

> [“Was Giza the mirror of the sky? In addition, what was the number 137 purpose? The number 137 has a very amazing…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/armando-mei/was-giza-the-mirror-of-the-sky-in-addition-what-was-the-number-137/)

Armando Mei

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/cf5/armando-mei-220790_eastern-philosophy_was-giza-the-mirror-of-the-sky-in-additi_1562097.jpg)

> [“We can measure the fine structure constant with very great precision, but so far none of our theories has provided an explanation…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-d-barrow/we-can-measure-the-fine-structure-constant-with-very-great-precision/)

[John D. Barrow](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-d-barrow/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/661/john-d-barrow-4552_constants-of-nature_we-can-measure-the-fine-structure-consta_2305717.jpg)

> [ “Through Jung \[Pauli\] became very interested in various kinds of mysticism, including Jewish mysticism. This led Pauli to develop a friendship with… ](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/victor-frederick-weisskopf/through-jung-pauli-became-very-interested-in-various-kinds-of/)

[Victor Frederick Weisskopf](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/victor-frederick-weisskopf/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fe0/victor-frederick-weisskopf-451_137_through-jung-pauli-became-very-intereste_269318.jpg)

> [“Itwas one time when people thought the value of the fine structure constant wasimportant. Now of course it's still important, of course,…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/steven-weinberg/itwas-one-time-when-people-thought-the-value-of-the-fine-structure/)

[Steven Weinberg](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/steven-weinberg/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/659/steven-weinberg-3159_fine-structure-const_itwas-one-time-when-people-thought-the-v_2983493.jpg)

> [“Since only a narrow range of the allowed values for, say, the fine structure constant will permit observers to exist in the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-d-barrow/since-only-a-narrow-range-of-the-allowed-values-for-say-the-fine/)

[John D. Barrow](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-d-barrow/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/d9b/john-d-barrow-4552_astrophysics_since-only-a-narrow-range-of-the-allowed_2031240.jpg)

> [“Physicists love this number not just because it is dimensionless, but also because it is a combination of three fundamental constants of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-archibald-wheeler/physicists-love-this-number-not-just-because-it-is-dimensionless-but/)

[John Archibald Wheeler](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/john-archibald-wheeler/)

[Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2cf/john-archibald-wheeler-17976_fine-structure-const_physicists-love-this-number-not-just-bec_1024627.png)

```json
{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@graph": [
        {
            "@type": "ItemList",
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/fine-structure-constant/#itemlist",
            "name": "Fine-structure-constant Quotes",
            "numberOfItems": 40,
            "itemListElement": [
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 1,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Calculate the fine structure constant from first principles.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "David J. Griffiths"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/david-j-griffiths/calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-from-first-principles/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/6bf/david-j-griffiths-111797_fine-structure-const_calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-fr_1417815.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/6bf/david-j-griffiths-111797_fine-structure-const_calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-fr_1417815.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/6bf/david-j-griffiths-111797_fine-structure-const_calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-fr_1417815.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Calculate the fine structure constant from first principles.” — David J. Griffiths",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 2,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Only three constants are significant for star formation: the gravitational constant, the fine structure constant, and a constant that governs nuclear reaction rates.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Ian Stewart"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/ian-stewart/only-three-constants-are-significant-for-star-formation-the/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/dd8/ian-stewart-28086_cosmology_only-three-constants-are-significant-for_1323915.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/dd8/ian-stewart-28086_cosmology_only-three-constants-are-significant-for_1323915.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/dd8/ian-stewart-28086_cosmology_only-three-constants-are-significant-for_1323915.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Only three constants are significant for star formation: the gravitational constant, the fine structure…” — Ian Stewart",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 3,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Fine Structure Constant: Fundamental numerical constant of atomic physics and quantum electrodynamics, defined as the square of the charge of the electron divided by the product of Planck's constant and the speed of light.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Steven Weinberg"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/steven-weinberg/fine-structure-constant-fundamental-numerical-constant-of-atomic/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a82/steven-weinberg-3159_electron_fine-structure-constant-fundamental-nume_2669190.png",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a82/steven-weinberg-3159_electron_fine-structure-constant-fundamental-nume_2669190.png",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a82/steven-weinberg-3159_electron_fine-structure-constant-fundamental-nume_2669190.png",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Fine Structure Constant: Fundamental numerical constant of atomic physics and quantum electrodynamics…” — Steven Weinberg",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 4,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“... it should be remembered that the atomicity of electric charge has already found its expression in the specific numerical value of the fine structure constant, a theoretical understanding of which is still missing today.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Wolfgang Pauli"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wolfgang-pauli/it-should-be-remembered-that-the-atomicity-of-electric-charge-has/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/959/wolfgang-pauli-14510_constants-of-nature_it-should-be-remembered-that-the-atomici_1939208.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/959/wolfgang-pauli-14510_constants-of-nature_it-should-be-remembered-that-the-atomici_1939208.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/959/wolfgang-pauli-14510_constants-of-nature_it-should-be-remembered-that-the-atomici_1939208.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“... it should be remembered that the atomicity of electric charge has already found its expression in the…” — Wolfgang Pauli",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 5,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“The mystery about α is actually a double mystery. The first mystery – the origin of its numerical value α ≈ 1/137 has been recognized and discussed for decades. The second mystery – the range of its domain – is generally unrecognized.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Malcolm H. Mac Gregor"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/malcolm-h-mac-gregor/the-mystery-about-is-actually-a-double-mystery-the-first-mystery-the/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4e0/malcolm-h-mac-gregor-100175_fine-structure-const_the-mystery-about-is-actually-a-double-m_1320228.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4e0/malcolm-h-mac-gregor-100175_fine-structure-const_the-mystery-about-is-actually-a-double-m_1320228.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4e0/malcolm-h-mac-gregor-100175_fine-structure-const_the-mystery-about-is-actually-a-double-m_1320228.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“The mystery about α is actually a double mystery. The first mystery – the origin of its numerical value α ≈…” — Malcolm H. Mac Gregor",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 6,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Number ... should not be understood solely as a construction of consciousness, but also as an archetype and thus as a constituent of nature both without and within.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Marie-Louise von Franz"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/marie-louise-von-franz/number-should-not-be-understood-solely-as-a-construction-of/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/213/marie-louise-von-franz-13561_archetype_number-should-not-be-understood-solely-a_524067.png",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/213/marie-louise-von-franz-13561_archetype_number-should-not-be-understood-solely-a_524067.png",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/213/marie-louise-von-franz-13561_archetype_number-should-not-be-understood-solely-a_524067.png",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Number ... should not be understood solely as a construction of consciousness, but also as an archetype and…” — Marie-Louise von Franz",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 7,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“All integral laws of spectral lines and of atomic theory spring originally from the quantum theory. It is the mysterious organon on which Nature plays her music of the spectra, and according to the rhythm of which she regulates the structure of the atoms and nuclei.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Arnold Sommerfeld"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/arnold-sommerfeld/all-integral-laws-of-spectral-lines-and-of-atomic-theory-spring/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/86b/arnold-sommerfeld-63324_fine-structure-const_all-integral-laws-of-spectral-lines-and_389052.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/86b/arnold-sommerfeld-63324_fine-structure-const_all-integral-laws-of-spectral-lines-and_389052.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/86b/arnold-sommerfeld-63324_fine-structure-const_all-integral-laws-of-spectral-lines-and_389052.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“All integral laws of spectral lines and of atomic theory spring originally from the quantum theory. It is…” — Arnold Sommerfeld",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 8,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“The fine-structure constant is ubiquitous throughout physics. I’ve already noted its connection to the electromagnetic interaction. In atomic physics, the binding energy, fine-structure splitting, and Lamb shift are all proportional to powers of α. In condensed matter physics, α characterizes Josephson junction oscillations and quantum Hall resistance steps. In addition, α is an important component of our system of fundamental constants. [Physics Today]”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Gerald Gabrielse"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gerald-gabrielse/the-fine-structure-constant-is-ubiquitous-throughout-physics-i-ve/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/294/gerald-gabrielse-239735_fine-structure-const_the-fine-structure-constant-is-ubiquitou_3091106.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/294/gerald-gabrielse-239735_fine-structure-const_the-fine-structure-constant-is-ubiquitou_3091106.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/294/gerald-gabrielse-239735_fine-structure-const_the-fine-structure-constant-is-ubiquitou_3091106.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“The fine-structure constant is ubiquitous throughout physics. I’ve already noted its connection to the…” — Gerald Gabrielse",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 9,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“As I regard physics and psychology as complementary types of examination, I am certain that there is an equally valid way that must lead the psychologist 'from behind' (namely, through investigating the archetypes) into the world of physics. As an example of background physics, I shall discuss a motif that occurs regularly in my dreams - namely, fine structure, in particular doublet structure of spectral lines and the separation of a chemical element into two isotopes.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Wolfgang Pauli"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wolfgang-pauli/as-i-regard-physics-and-psychology-as-complementary-types-of/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8be/wolfgang-pauli-14510_archetypes_as-i-regard-physics-and-psychology-as-co_1672941.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8be/wolfgang-pauli-14510_archetypes_as-i-regard-physics-and-psychology-as-co_1672941.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8be/wolfgang-pauli-14510_archetypes_as-i-regard-physics-and-psychology-as-co_1672941.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“As I regard physics and psychology as complementary types of examination, I am certain that there is an…” — Wolfgang Pauli",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 10,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“God is a pure mathematician!' declared British astronomer Sir James Jeans. The physical Universe does seem to be organised around elegant mathematical relationships. And one number above all others has exercised an enduring fascination for physicists: 137.0359991… It is known as the fine-structure constant and is denoted by the Greek letter alpha (α).”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Paul Davies"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/paul-davies/god-is-a-pure-mathematician-declared-british-astronomer-sir-james/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/de6/paul-davies-3810_astronomy_god-is-a-pure-mathematician-declared-bri_2209878.png",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/de6/paul-davies-3810_astronomy_god-is-a-pure-mathematician-declared-bri_2209878.png",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/de6/paul-davies-3810_astronomy_god-is-a-pure-mathematician-declared-bri_2209878.png",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“God is a pure mathematician!' declared British astronomer Sir James Jeans. The physical Universe does seem…” — Paul Davies",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 11,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“there are no arbitrary constants ... nature is so constituted that it is possible logically to lay down such strongly determined laws that within these laws only rationally determined constants occur (not constants, therefore, whose numerical value could be changed without destroying the theory).”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Albert Einstein"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/albert-einstein/there-are-no-arbitrary-constants-nature-is-so-constituted-that-it-is/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8e6/albert-einstein-33_constants-of-nature_there-are-no-arbitrary-constants-nature_1501762.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8e6/albert-einstein-33_constants-of-nature_there-are-no-arbitrary-constants-nature_1501762.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/8e6/albert-einstein-33_constants-of-nature_there-are-no-arbitrary-constants-nature_1501762.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“there are no arbitrary constants ... nature is so constituted that it is possible logically to lay down such…” — Albert Einstein",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 12,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Take this neat little equation here. It tells me all the ways an electron can make itself comfortable in or around an atom. That's the logic of it. The poetry of it is that the equation tells me how shiny gold is, how come rocks are hard, what makes grass green, and why you can't see the wind. And a million other things besides, about the way nature works.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Richard Feynman"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/richard-feynman/take-this-neat-little-equation-here-it-tells-me-all-the-ways-an/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/76c/richard-feynman-12444_constants-of-nature_take-this-neat-little-equation-here-it-t_479317.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/76c/richard-feynman-12444_constants-of-nature_take-this-neat-little-equation-here-it-t_479317.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/76c/richard-feynman-12444_constants-of-nature_take-this-neat-little-equation-here-it-t_479317.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Take this neat little equation here. It tells me all the ways an electron can make itself comfortable in or…” — Richard Feynman",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 13,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“While twentieth-century physicists were not able to identify any convincing mathematical constants underlying the fine structure, partly because such thinking has normally not been encouraged, a revolutionary suggestion was recently made by the Czech physicist Raji Heyrovska, who deduced that the fine structure constant, ...really is defined by the [golden] ratio …”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Carl Johan Calleman"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/carl-johan-calleman/while-twentieth-century-physicists-were-not-able-to-identify-any/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4fd/carl-johan-calleman-66065_fine-structure-const_while-twentieth-century-physicists-were_984734.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4fd/carl-johan-calleman-66065_fine-structure-const_while-twentieth-century-physicists-were_984734.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/4fd/carl-johan-calleman-66065_fine-structure-const_while-twentieth-century-physicists-were_984734.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“While twentieth-century physicists were not able to identify any convincing mathematical constants…” — Carl Johan Calleman",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 14,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Here the attention of the research workers is primarily directed to the problem of reconciling the claims of the special relativity theory with those of the quantum theory. The extraordinary advances made in this field by Dirac ... leave open the question whether it will be possible to satisfy the claims of the two theories without at the same time determining the Sommerfeld fine-structure constant.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Werner Heisenberg"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/werner-heisenberg/here-the-attention-of-the-research-workers-is-primarily-directed-to/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ab2/werner-heisenberg-4501_dirac_here-the-attention-of-the-research-worke_2524030.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ab2/werner-heisenberg-4501_dirac_here-the-attention-of-the-research-worke_2524030.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ab2/werner-heisenberg-4501_dirac_here-the-attention-of-the-research-worke_2524030.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Here the attention of the research workers is primarily directed to the problem of reconciling the claims of…” — Werner Heisenberg",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 15,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“The unsolved problems of the physical world now seem even more formidable than those solved in the twentieth century. Though in application it works splendidly, we do not even understand the physical meaning of quantum mechanics, much less how it might be united with general relativity. We don't know why the dimensionless constants (ratios of masses of elementary particles, ratios of strength of gravitational to electric forces, fine structure constant, etc.) have the values they do, unless we appeal to the implausible anthropic principle, which seems like a regression to Aristotelian teleology.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Gerald Holton"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gerald-holton/the-unsolved-problems-of-the-physical-world-now-seem-even-more/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/988/gerald-holton-46138_anthropic-principle_the-unsolved-problems-of-the-physical-wo_2791921.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/988/gerald-holton-46138_anthropic-principle_the-unsolved-problems-of-the-physical-wo_2791921.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/988/gerald-holton-46138_anthropic-principle_the-unsolved-problems-of-the-physical-wo_2791921.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“The unsolved problems of the physical world now seem even more formidable than those solved in the twentieth…” — Gerald Holton",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 16,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Now let us analyze the other two occupants of the inner Sanctuary or Oracle. They are the two cherubim who guard the Ark ... [and] \"The Molten Sea\" ...There are also two other elements of the Temple of which they are the image, and these other two units are the Great Pyramid and the Inner Court (The Molten Sea = 137 = MG = Two Cherubim = Great Pyramid = Inner Court. All four of these elements are reflections of each other, and they constitute the real key to understanding the mystery of the Temple of Solomon. ...\"The Ark of the Covenant of the Lord\" [is] a mirror image of \"The Great Pyramid of the Emperor\" …”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "William Eisen"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/william-eisen/now-let-us-analyze-the-other-two-occupants-of-the-inner-sanctuary-or/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/36d/william-eisen-84122_ancient-history_now-let-us-analyze-the-other-two-occupan_275621.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/36d/william-eisen-84122_ancient-history_now-let-us-analyze-the-other-two-occupan_275621.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/36d/william-eisen-84122_ancient-history_now-let-us-analyze-the-other-two-occupan_275621.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Now let us analyze the other two occupants of the inner Sanctuary or Oracle. They are the two cherubim who…” — William Eisen",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 17,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“A good example of the archetypal ideas which the archetypes produce are natural numbers or integers. With the aid of the integers the shaping and ordering of our experiences becomes exact. Another example is mathematical group theory. ...important applications of group theory are symmetries which can be found in most different connections both in nature and among the 'artifacts' produced by human beings. Group theory also has important applications in mathematics and mathematical physics. For example, the theory of elementary particles and their interactions can in essential respects be reduced to abstract symmetries. [The Message of the Atoms: Essays on Wolfgang Pauli and the Unspeakable]”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "K. V. Laurikainen"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/k-v-laurikainen/a-good-example-of-the-archetypal-ideas-which-the-archetypes-produce/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/95c/k-v-laurikainen-95313_archetypes_a-good-example-of-the-archetypal-ideas-w_2519825.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/95c/k-v-laurikainen-95313_archetypes_a-good-example-of-the-archetypal-ideas-w_2519825.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/95c/k-v-laurikainen-95313_archetypes_a-good-example-of-the-archetypal-ideas-w_2519825.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“A good example of the archetypal ideas which the archetypes produce are natural numbers or integers. With…” — K. V. Laurikainen",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 18,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“The focus of history and philosophy of science scholar Arthur Miller’s (2010) \"137: Jung and Pauli and the Pursuit of Scientific Obsession\" is Jung and Pauli’s mutual effort to discover the cosmic number or fine structure constant, which is a fundamental physical constant dealing with electromagnetism, or, from a different perspective, could be considered the philosopher’s stone of the mathematical universe. This was indeed one of Pauli and Jung’s collaborative passions, but it was not the only concentration of their relationship. Quantum physics could be seen as the natural progression from ancient alchemy, through chemistry, culminating in the abstract world of subatomic particles, wave functions, and mathematics. [Ancient Egypt and Modern Psychotherapy]”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Todd Hayen"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/todd-hayen/the-focus-of-history-and-philosophy-of-science-scholar-arthur-miller/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/699/todd-hayen-157203_ancient-egypt_the-focus-of-history-and-philosophy-of-s_2206043.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/699/todd-hayen-157203_ancient-egypt_the-focus-of-history-and-philosophy-of-s_2206043.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/699/todd-hayen-157203_ancient-egypt_the-focus-of-history-and-philosophy-of-s_2206043.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“The focus of history and philosophy of science scholar Arthur Miller’s (2010) \"137: Jung and Pauli and the…” — Todd Hayen",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 19,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“The power of the deductive network produced in physics has been illustrated in a delightful article by Victor F. Weisskopf. He begins by taking the magnitudes of six physical constants known by measurement: the mass of the proton, the mass and electric charge of the electron, the light velocity, Newton's gravitational constant, and the quantum of action of Planck. He adds three of four fundamental laws (e.g., de Broglie's relations connecting particle momentum and particle energy with the wavelength and frequency, and the Pauli exclusion principle), and shows that one can then derive a host of different, apparently quite unconnected, facts that happen to be known to us by observation separately …”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Gerald Holton"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/gerald-holton/the-power-of-the-deductive-network-produced-in-physics-has-been/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/23f/gerald-holton-46138_constants-of-nature_the-power-of-the-deductive-network-produ_755836.png",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/23f/gerald-holton-46138_constants-of-nature_the-power-of-the-deductive-network-produ_755836.png",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/23f/gerald-holton-46138_constants-of-nature_the-power-of-the-deductive-network-produ_755836.png",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“The power of the deductive network produced in physics has been illustrated in a delightful article by…” — Gerald Holton",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 20,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“There is only one universal language, which is the language of numbers and proportions that are so striking and stunningly built into the Great Pyramid and to which our current science has no appropriate response. We can no longer ignore that this ancient civilization was aware of our units used in modern mathematics and physics and were even aware of our metric system. Our metric system originating in the eighteenth century, designed and implemented by a committee of mathematicians and physicists commissioned by the French revolutionary government.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Willem Witteveen"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/willem-witteveen/there-is-only-one-universal-language-which-is-the-language-of-numbers/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/586/willem-witteveen-104952_constants-of-nature_there-is-only-one-universal-language-whi_2223663.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/586/willem-witteveen-104952_constants-of-nature_there-is-only-one-universal-language-whi_2223663.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/586/willem-witteveen-104952_constants-of-nature_there-is-only-one-universal-language-whi_2223663.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“There is only one universal language, which is the language of numbers and proportions that are so striking…” — Willem Witteveen",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 21,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“In short, the idea dawns that the one universal principle which possibly ... between force and structure, the embodiment of the Principle of Least Action and the (unknown) force, which in mathematics is known as the attractor which pulls ... in the direction of the most optimal and relatively stable self-organized criticality, could very well be the Golden Ratio dynamic. the universal principle which as the balance between finiteness and infinity, stability and flexibility underlies self-similar fractal forms emerging at the 'edge of chaos' indeed seems to be the Golden Ratio Spiral.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Marja de Vries"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/marja-de-vries/in-short-the-idea-dawns-that-the-one-universal-principle-which/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/29d/marja-de-vries-92227_chaos-theory_in-short-the-idea-dawns-that-the-one-uni_2166920.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/29d/marja-de-vries-92227_chaos-theory_in-short-the-idea-dawns-that-the-one-uni_2166920.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/29d/marja-de-vries-92227_chaos-theory_in-short-the-idea-dawns-that-the-one-uni_2166920.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“In short, the idea dawns that the one universal principle which possibly ... between force and structure…” — Marja de Vries",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 22,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Highly complex numbers like the Comma of Pythagoras, Pi and Phi (sometimes called the Golden Proportion), are known as irrational numbers. They lie deep in the structure of the physical universe, and were seen by the Egyptians as the principles controlling creation, the principles by which matter is precipitated from the cosmic mind. Today scientists recognize the Comma of Pythagoras, Pi and the Golden Proportion as well as the closely related Fibonacci sequence are universal constants that describe complex patterns in astronomy, music and physics. ... To the Egyptians these numbers were also the secret harmonies of the cosmos and they incorporated them as rhythms and proportions in the construction of their pyramids and temples.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Mark Booth Jonathan Black"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/mark-booth-jonathan-black/highly-complex-numbers-like-the-comma-of-pythagoras-pi-and-phi/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fe2/mark-booth-jonathan-black-2601_ancient-egyptians_highly-complex-numbers-like-the-comma-of_2850249.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fe2/mark-booth-jonathan-black-2601_ancient-egyptians_highly-complex-numbers-like-the-comma-of_2850249.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fe2/mark-booth-jonathan-black-2601_ancient-egyptians_highly-complex-numbers-like-the-comma-of_2850249.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Highly complex numbers like the Comma of Pythagoras, Pi and Phi (sometimes called the Golden Proportion)…” — Mark Booth Jonathan Black",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 23,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“You too can make the golden cut, relating the two poles of your being in perfect golden proportion, thus enabling the lower to resonate in tune with the higher, and the inner with the outer. In doing so, you will bring yourself to a point of total integration of all the separate parts of your being, and at the same time, you will bring yourself into resonance with the entire universe… Nonetheless the universe is divided on exactly these principles as proven by literally thousands of points of circumstantial evidence, including the size, orbital distances, orbital frequencies and other characteristics of planets in our solar system, many characteristics of the sub-atomic dimension such as the fine structure constant, the forms of many plants and the golden mean proportions of the human body, to mention just a few well known examples. However the circumstantial evidence is not that on which we rely, for we have the proof in front of us in the pure mathematical principles of the golden mean.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Alison Charlotte Primrose"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/alison-charlotte-primrose/you-too-can-make-the-golden-cut-relating-the-two-poles-of-your-being/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2b2/alison-charlotte-primrose-8599_fine-structure-const_you-too-can-make-the-golden-cut-relating_213362.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2b2/alison-charlotte-primrose-8599_fine-structure-const_you-too-can-make-the-golden-cut-relating_213362.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2b2/alison-charlotte-primrose-8599_fine-structure-const_you-too-can-make-the-golden-cut-relating_213362.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“You too can make the golden cut, relating the two poles of your being in perfect golden proportion, thus…” — Alison Charlotte Primrose",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 24,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“There is a most profound and beautiful question associated with the observed coupling constant, e - the amplitude for a real electron to emit or absorb a real photon. It is a simple number that has been experimentally determined to be close to 0.08542455. (My physicist friends won't recognize this number, because they like to remember it as the inverse of its square: about 137.03597 with about an uncertainty of about 2 in the last decimal place. It has been a mystery ever since it was discovered more than fifty years ago, and all good theoretical physicists put this number up on their wall and worry about it.) Immediately you would like to know where this number for a coupling comes from: is it related to pi or perhaps to the base of natural logarithms? Nobody knows. It's one of the greatest damn mysteries of physics: a magic number that comes to us with no understanding by man. You might say the \"hand of God\" wrote that number, and \"we don't know how He pushed his pencil.\" We know what kind of a dance to do experimentally to measure this number very accurately, but we don't know what kind of dance to do on the computer to make this number come out, without putting it in secretly!”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Richard P. Feynman"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/richard-p-feynman/there-is-a-most-profound-and-beautiful-question-associated-with-the/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f81/richard-p-feynman-495_fine-structure-const_there-is-a-most-profound-and-beautiful-q_2185407.png",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f81/richard-p-feynman-495_fine-structure-const_there-is-a-most-profound-and-beautiful-q_2185407.png",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f81/richard-p-feynman-495_fine-structure-const_there-is-a-most-profound-and-beautiful-q_2185407.png",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“There is a most profound and beautiful question associated with the observed coupling constant, e - the…” — Richard P. Feynman",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 25,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“To calculate 'the' fine structure constant, 1/137, we would need a realistic model of just about everything, and this we do not have. In this talk I want to return to the old question of what it is that determines gauge couplings in general, and try to prepare the ground for a future realistic calculation.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Steven Weinberg"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/steven-weinberg/to-calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-1-137-we-would-need-a/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b2c/steven-weinberg-3159_fine-structure-const_to-calculate-the-fine-structure-constant_2111657.png",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b2c/steven-weinberg-3159_fine-structure-const_to-calculate-the-fine-structure-constant_2111657.png",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/b2c/steven-weinberg-3159_fine-structure-const_to-calculate-the-fine-structure-constant_2111657.png",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“To calculate 'the' fine structure constant, 1/137, we would need a realistic model of just about everything…” — Steven Weinberg",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 26,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“One hundred thirty-seven is the inverse of something called the fine-structure constant. ...The most remarkable thing about this remarkable number is that it is dimension-free. ...Werner Heisenberg once proclaimed that all the quandaries of quantum mechanics would shrivel up when 137 was finally explained.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Leon M. Lederman"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/leon-m-lederman/one-hundred-thirty-seven-is-the-inverse-of-something-called-the-fine/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/1cd/leon-m-lederman-20865_fine-structure-const_one-hundred-thirty-seven-is-the-inverse_1558048.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/1cd/leon-m-lederman-20865_fine-structure-const_one-hundred-thirty-seven-is-the-inverse_1558048.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/1cd/leon-m-lederman-20865_fine-structure-const_one-hundred-thirty-seven-is-the-inverse_1558048.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“One hundred thirty-seven is the inverse of something called the fine-structure constant. ...The most…” — Leon M. Lederman",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 27,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“For [Wolfgang] Pauli the central problem of electrodynamics was the field concept and the existence of an elementary charge which is expressible by the fine-structure constant ... 1/137. This fundamental pure number had greatly fascinated Pauli, … For Pauli the explanation of the number 137 was the test of a successful field theory, a test which no theory has passed up to now.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Charles P. Enz"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/charles-p-enz/for-wolfgang-pauli-the-central-problem-of-electrodynamics-was-the/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/243/charles-p-enz-91251_fine-structure-const_for-wolfgang-pauli-the-central-problem-o_862023.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/243/charles-p-enz-91251_fine-structure-const_for-wolfgang-pauli-the-central-problem-o_862023.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/243/charles-p-enz-91251_fine-structure-const_for-wolfgang-pauli-the-central-problem-o_862023.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“For [Wolfgang] Pauli the central problem of electrodynamics was the field concept and the existence of an…” — Charles P. Enz",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 28,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“If the deep logic of what determines the value of the fine-structure constant also played a significant role in our understanding of all the physical processes in which the fine-structure constant enters, then we would be stymied. Fortunately, we do not need to know everything before we can know something.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "John D. Barrow"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-d-barrow/if-the-deep-logic-of-what-determines-the-value-of-the-fine-structure/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a89/john-d-barrow-4552_constants-of-nature_if-the-deep-logic-of-what-determines-the_223082.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a89/john-d-barrow-4552_constants-of-nature_if-the-deep-logic-of-what-determines-the_223082.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a89/john-d-barrow-4552_constants-of-nature_if-the-deep-logic-of-what-determines-the_223082.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“If the deep logic of what determines the value of the fine-structure constant also played a significant role…” — John D. Barrow",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 29,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“The fine-structure constant derives its name from its origin. It first appeared in Sommerfeld's work to explain the fine details of the hydrogen spectrum. ... Since Sommerfeld expressed the energy states of the hydrogen atom in terms of the constant [alpha], it came to be called the fine-structure constant.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "John S. Rigden"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-s-rigden/the-fine-structure-constant-derives-its-name-from-its-origin-it-first/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/576/john-s-rigden-249641_fine-structure-const_the-fine-structure-constant-derives-its_1276948.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/576/john-s-rigden-249641_fine-structure-const_the-fine-structure-constant-derives-its_1276948.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/576/john-s-rigden-249641_fine-structure-const_the-fine-structure-constant-derives-its_1276948.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“The fine-structure constant derives its name from its origin. It first appeared in Sommerfeld's work to…” — John S. Rigden",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 30,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“It is shown that the golden ratio plays a prominent role in the dimensions of all objects which exhibit five-fold symmetry. It is also showed that among the irrational numbers, the golden ratio is the most irrational and, as a result, has unique applications in number theory, search algorithms, the minimization of functions, network theory, the atomic structure of certain materials and the growth of biological organisms.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Richard A. Dunlap"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/richard-a-dunlap/it-is-shown-that-the-golden-ratio-plays-a-prominent-role-in-the/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f8b/richard-a-dunlap-272484_biology_it-is-shown-that-the-golden-ratio-plays_2174995.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f8b/richard-a-dunlap-272484_biology_it-is-shown-that-the-golden-ratio-plays_2174995.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/f8b/richard-a-dunlap-272484_biology_it-is-shown-that-the-golden-ratio-plays_2174995.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“It is shown that the golden ratio plays a prominent role in the dimensions of all objects which exhibit…” — Richard A. Dunlap",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 31,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“The prime number 137 had continuously occupied Pauli's mind. It is an approximate value for a constant appearing in the fine structure theory of atomic spectra which in its theoretical expression ties together electromagnetism, relativity and quantum theory. Pauli saw the fine structure theory of spectra as a key in understanding the deepest contemporary problems of theoretical physics. For that reason the number 137 possessed a mysterious attraction for him.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "K. V. Laurikainen"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/k-v-laurikainen/the-prime-number-137-had-continuously-occupied-pauli-s-mind-it-is-an/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ee9/k-v-laurikainen-95313_atoms_the-prime-number-137-had-continuously-oc_3081314.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ee9/k-v-laurikainen-95313_atoms_the-prime-number-137-had-continuously-oc_3081314.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/ee9/k-v-laurikainen-95313_atoms_the-prime-number-137-had-continuously-oc_3081314.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“The prime number 137 had continuously occupied Pauli's mind. It is an approximate value for a constant…” — K. V. Laurikainen",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 32,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“True, the Standard Model does explain a very great deal. Nevertheless it is not yet a proper theory, principally because it does not satisfy the physicists naive faith in elegance and simplicity. It involves some 17 allegedly fundamental particles and the same number of arbitrary and tunable parameters, such as the fine-structure constants, the muon-electron mass ratio and the various mysterious mixing angles.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Anonymous"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/anonymous/true-the-standard-model-does-explain-a-very-great-deal-nevertheless/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e2f/anonymous-1_beauty_true-the-standard-model-does-explain-a-v_2840876.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e2f/anonymous-1_beauty_true-the-standard-model-does-explain-a-v_2840876.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/e2f/anonymous-1_beauty_true-the-standard-model-does-explain-a-v_2840876.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“True, the Standard Model does explain a very great deal. Nevertheless it is not yet a proper theory…” — Anonymous",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 33,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Realizing its fundamental importance in understanding spectral lines, in atomic physics and in the theory of how light and electrons interact, quantum electrodynamics, Pauli and Heisenberg were determined to derive it from quantum theory rather than introducing it from the start. They believed that if they could find a version of quantum electrodynamics capable of producing the fine structure constant, it would not contain the infinities that marred their theories.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Arthur I. Miller"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/arthur-i-miller/realizing-its-fundamental-importance-in-understanding-spectral-lines/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/037/arthur-i-miller-220925_fine-structure-const_realizing-its-fundamental-importance-in_2590141.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/037/arthur-i-miller-220925_fine-structure-const_realizing-its-fundamental-importance-in_2590141.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/037/arthur-i-miller-220925_fine-structure-const_realizing-its-fundamental-importance-in_2590141.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Realizing its fundamental importance in understanding spectral lines, in atomic physics and in the theory of…” — Arthur I. Miller",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 34,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“In his first philosophical lecture on modern physics that Pauli gave in November 1934 to the Zurich Philosophical Society he said that only a formulation of quantum theory would be satisfactory which expresses the relation between the value of [the fine structure constant] and charge conservation in the same complementary was as that between the space-time description and energy-momentum conservation.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Charles P. Enz"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/charles-p-enz/in-his-first-philosophical-lecture-on-modern-physics-that-pauli-gave/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a96/charles-p-enz-91251_fine-structure-const_in-his-first-philosophical-lecture-on-mo_1764442.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a96/charles-p-enz-91251_fine-structure-const_in-his-first-philosophical-lecture-on-mo_1764442.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/a96/charles-p-enz-91251_fine-structure-const_in-his-first-philosophical-lecture-on-mo_1764442.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“In his first philosophical lecture on modern physics that Pauli gave in November 1934 to the Zurich…” — Charles P. Enz",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 35,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Was Giza the mirror of the sky? In addition, what was the number 137 purpose? The number 137 has a very amazing meaning and it can range from modern Science to Kabbalah, from Archetypes numerology to Eastern philosophy, from smaller particles to the law of Universal Balance. ... Did the builders want to convey their scientific knowledge through the Pyramids proportions? ... Was their function connected to the number 137?”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Armando Mei"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/armando-mei/was-giza-the-mirror-of-the-sky-in-addition-what-was-the-number-137/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/cf5/armando-mei-220790_eastern-philosophy_was-giza-the-mirror-of-the-sky-in-additi_1562097.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/cf5/armando-mei-220790_eastern-philosophy_was-giza-the-mirror-of-the-sky-in-additi_1562097.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/cf5/armando-mei-220790_eastern-philosophy_was-giza-the-mirror-of-the-sky-in-additi_1562097.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Was Giza the mirror of the sky? In addition, what was the number 137 purpose? The number 137 has a very…” — Armando Mei",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 36,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“We can measure the fine structure constant with very great precision, but so far none of our theories has provided an explanation of its measured value. One of the aims of superstring theory is to predict this quantity precisely. Any theory that could do that would be taken very seriously indeed as a potential 'Theory of Everything'.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "John D. Barrow"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-d-barrow/we-can-measure-the-fine-structure-constant-with-very-great-precision/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/661/john-d-barrow-4552_constants-of-nature_we-can-measure-the-fine-structure-consta_2305717.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/661/john-d-barrow-4552_constants-of-nature_we-can-measure-the-fine-structure-consta_2305717.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/661/john-d-barrow-4552_constants-of-nature_we-can-measure-the-fine-structure-consta_2305717.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“We can measure the fine structure constant with very great precision, but so far none of our theories has…” — John D. Barrow",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 37,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Through Jung [Pauli] became very interested in various kinds of mysticism, including Jewish mysticism. This led Pauli to develop a friendship with Gershom Scholem, the world's greatest authority in that field and in the Cabala, … On one occasion Scholem asked me to tell him about unsolved problems in modern physics. … When I mentioned this number --137-- to Scholem, … He told me that in Hebrew … The number corresponding to the word 'cabala' happens to be 137.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Victor Frederick Weisskopf"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/victor-frederick-weisskopf/through-jung-pauli-became-very-interested-in-various-kinds-of/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fe0/victor-frederick-weisskopf-451_137_through-jung-pauli-became-very-intereste_269318.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fe0/victor-frederick-weisskopf-451_137_through-jung-pauli-became-very-intereste_269318.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/fe0/victor-frederick-weisskopf-451_137_through-jung-pauli-became-very-intereste_269318.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Through Jung [Pauli] became very interested in various kinds of mysticism, including Jewish mysticism. This…” — Victor Frederick Weisskopf",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 38,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Itwas one time when people thought the value of the fine structure constant wasimportant. Now of course it's still important, of course, as a practical matter,but we now know that the value it has is a function, that in any fundamental theory you derive the fine structure constant as a function of all sorts of mass ratios and so on, and it's not really that fundamental.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "Steven Weinberg"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/steven-weinberg/itwas-one-time-when-people-thought-the-value-of-the-fine-structure/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/659/steven-weinberg-3159_fine-structure-const_itwas-one-time-when-people-thought-the-v_2983493.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/659/steven-weinberg-3159_fine-structure-const_itwas-one-time-when-people-thought-the-v_2983493.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/659/steven-weinberg-3159_fine-structure-const_itwas-one-time-when-people-thought-the-v_2983493.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Itwas one time when people thought the value of the fine structure constant wasimportant. Now of course it's…” — Steven Weinberg",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 39,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Since only a narrow range of the allowed values for, say, the fine structure constant will permit observers to exist in the Universe, we must find ourselves in the narrow range of possibilities which permit them, no matter how improbable they are. We must ask for the conditional probability of observing constants to take particular ranges, given that other features of the Universe, like its age, satisfy necessary conditions for life.”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "John D. Barrow"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-d-barrow/since-only-a-narrow-range-of-the-allowed-values-for-say-the-fine/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/d9b/john-d-barrow-4552_astrophysics_since-only-a-narrow-range-of-the-allowed_2031240.jpg",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/d9b/john-d-barrow-4552_astrophysics_since-only-a-narrow-range-of-the-allowed_2031240.jpg",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/d9b/john-d-barrow-4552_astrophysics_since-only-a-narrow-range-of-the-allowed_2031240.jpg",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Since only a narrow range of the allowed values for, say, the fine structure constant will permit observers…” — John D. Barrow",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 40,
                    "item": {
                        "@type": "Quotation",
                        "text": "“Physicists love this number not just because it is dimensionless, but also because it is a combination of three fundamental constants of nature. Why do these constants come together to make the particular number 1/137.036 and not some other number?”",
                        "creator": {
                            "@type": "Person",
                            "name": "John Archibald Wheeler"
                        },
                        "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/john-archibald-wheeler/physicists-love-this-number-not-just-because-it-is-dimensionless-but/",
                        "image": {
                            "@type": "ImageObject",
                            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2cf/john-archibald-wheeler-17976_fine-structure-const_physicists-love-this-number-not-just-bec_1024627.png",
                            "contentUrl": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2cf/john-archibald-wheeler-17976_fine-structure-const_physicists-love-this-number-not-just-bec_1024627.png",
                            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/2cf/john-archibald-wheeler-17976_fine-structure-const_physicists-love-this-number-not-just-bec_1024627.png",
                            "width": 1080,
                            "height": 1080,
                            "caption": "“Physicists love this number not just because it is dimensionless, but also because it is a combination of…” — John Archibald Wheeler",
                            "creditText": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
                            "creator": {
                                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "@type": "CollectionPage",
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/fine-structure-constant/#webpage",
            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/fine-structure-constant/",
            "name": "Fine-structure-constant Quotes",
            "isPartOf": {
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#website"
            },
            "mainEntity": {
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/fine-structure-constant/#itemlist"
            },
            "primaryImageOfPage": {
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/6bf/david-j-griffiths-111797_fine-structure-const_calculate-the-fine-structure-constant-fr_1417815.jpg"
            },
            "description": "Browse 49 Fine-structure-constant quotes by 39 authors. Discover the best Fine-structure-constant sayings and thoughts.",
            "breadcrumb": {
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/fine-structure-constant/#breadcrumb"
            }
        },
        {
            "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/fine-structure-constant/#breadcrumb",
            "itemListElement": [
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 1,
                    "name": "Home",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/"
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 2,
                    "name": "Quotes",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/"
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 3,
                    "name": "Topics",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/categories/"
                },
                {
                    "@type": "ListItem",
                    "position": 4,
                    "name": "Fine Structure Constant Quotes",
                    "item": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/fine-structure-constant/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "@type": "WebSite",
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#website",
            "name": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/",
            "publisher": {
                "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization"
            }
        },
        {
            "@type": "Organization",
            "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/#organization",
            "name": "SMS4Smile Quotes",
            "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/",
            "logo": {
                "@type": "ImageObject",
                "url": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/wp-content/themes/sq/assets/icons/icon-512.png",
                "width": 512,
                "height": 512
            }
        }
    ]
}
```