--- title: "2 Black death Quotes By Daron Acemoğlu" description: "2 Black death quotes by Daron Acemoğlu. Plus more from Daron Acemoğlu and more Black death sayings from other authors." image: "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/1da/daron-acemo-lu-4415_eastern-europe_the-black-death-is-a-vivid-example-of-a_1771643.jpg" --- > [“The Black Death is a vivid example of a critical juncture, a major event or confluence of factors disrupting the existing economic or political balance in society. A critical juncture is a double-edged sword that can cause a sharp turn…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/the-black-death-is-a-vivid-example-of-a-critical-juncture-a-major/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) [Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/1da/daron-acemo-lu-4415_eastern-europe_the-black-death-is-a-vivid-example-of-a_1771643.jpg) > [“The synergies between extractive economic and political institutions create a vicious circle, where extractive institutions, once in place, tend to persist. Similarly, there is a virtuous circle associated with inclusive economic and political institutions. But neither the vicious nor the…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/the-synergies-between-extractive-economic-and-political-institutions/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) [Image](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/i/03e/daron-acemo-lu-4415_around-the-world_the-synergies-between-extractive-economi_1812039.jpg) ## More by Daron Acemoğlu > [“AUSTRALIA, LIKE THE UNITED STATES, experienced a different path to inclusive institutions than the one taken by England. The same revolutions that shook England…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/australia-like-the-united-states-experienced-a-different-path-to/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“As such, the usual pattern of interaction between a critical juncture and existing institutional differences leading to further institutional and economic divergence played out…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/as-such-the-usual-pattern-of-interaction-between-a-critical-juncture/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“Lack of creative destruction and innovation is not the only reason why there are severe limits to growth under extractive institutions. The history of…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/lack-of-creative-destruction-and-innovation-is-not-the-only-reason/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“As with France, an important consequence of the British Industrial Revolution for China and Japan was military vulnerability. China was humbled by British sea…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/as-with-france-an-important-consequence-of-the-british-industrial/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“Though the extractive institutions that the Mayas created produced sufficient wealth for the cities to flourish and the elite to become wealthy and generate…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/though-the-extractive-institutions-that-the-mayas-created-produced/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“THERE ARE HUGE DIFFERENCES in living standards around the world. Even the poorest citizens of the United States have incomes and access to health…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/there-are-huge-differences-in-living-standards-around-the-world-even/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“The Maya’s economy was based on extensive occupational specialization, with skilled potters, weavers, woodworkers, and tool and ornament makers. They also traded obsidian, jaguar…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/the-maya-s-economy-was-based-on-extensive-occupational-specialization/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“In the same way, current Chinese growth has nothing to do with Chinese values or changes in Chinese culture; it results from a process…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/in-the-same-way-current-chinese-growth-has-nothing-to-do-with-chinese/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“NATIONS FAIL TODAY because their extractive economic institutions do not create the incentives needed for people to save, invest, and innovate. Extractive political institutions…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/nations-fail-today-because-their-extractive-economic-institutions-do/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“The geography hypothesis claims that the great divide between rich and poor countries is created by geographical differences. Many poor countries, such as those…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/the-geography-hypothesis-claims-that-the-great-divide-between-rich/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“Politics is the process by which a society chooses the rules that will govern it.”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/politics-is-the-process-by-which-a-society-chooses-the-rules-that/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“The pattern of vicious circle depicted by the transition between Haile Selassie and Mengistu, or between the British colonial governors of Sierra Leone and…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/the-pattern-of-vicious-circle-depicted-by-the-transition-between/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“NATIONS FAIL TODAY because their extractive economic institutions do not create the incentives needed for people to save, invest, and innovate. Extractive political institutions…](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/nations-fail-today-because-their-extractive-economic-institutions-do-2/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [Inclusive economic institutions require secure property rights and economic opportunities not just for the elite but for a broad cross-section of society.](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/inclusive-economic-institutions-require-secure-property-rights-and/) [Daron Acemoglu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) > [“Inequality in the modern world largely results from the uneven dissemination and adoption of technologies,”](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/daron-acemo-lu/inequality-in-the-modern-world-largely-results-from-the-uneven/) [Daron Acemoğlu](https://sms4smile.com/quotes/author/daron-acemo-lu/) ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "ItemList", "@id": "https://sms4smile.com/quotes/about/black-death/daron-acemo-lu/#itemlist", "name": "2 Black death Quotes By Daron Acemoğlu", "numberOfItems": 2, "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "item": { "@type": "Quotation", "text": "“The Black Death is a vivid example of a critical juncture, a major event or confluence of factors disrupting the existing economic or political balance in society. A critical juncture is a double-edged sword that can cause a sharp turn in the trajectory of a nation. On the one hand it can open the way for breaking the cycle of extractive institutions and enable more inclusive ones to emerge, as in England. Or it can intensify the emergence of extractive institutions, as was the case with the Second Serfdom in Eastern Europe. Understanding how history and critical junctures shape the path of economic and political institutions enables us to have a more complete theory of the origins of differences in poverty and prosperity. In addition, it enables us to account for the lay of the land today and why some nations make the transition to inclusive economic and political institutions while others do not. 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Similarly, there is a virtuous circle associated with inclusive economic and political institutions. But neither the vicious nor the virtuous circle is absolute. In fact, some nations live under inclusive institutions today because, though extractive institutions have been the norm in history, some societies have been able to break the mold and transition toward inclusive institutions. Our explanation for these transitions is historical, but not historically predetermined. Major institutional change, the requisite for major economic change, takes place as a result of the interaction between existing institutions and critical junctures. Critical junctures are major events that disrupt the existing political and economic balance in one or many societies, such as the Black Death, which killed possibly as much as half the population of most areas in Europe during the fourteenth century; the opening of Atlantic trade routes, which created enormous profit opportunities for many in Western Europe; and the Industrial Revolution, which offered the potential for rapid but also disruptive changes in the structure of economies around the world. 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